Selective PPARγ modulators with improved pharmacological profiles
摘要:
A series of metabolically robust N-benzyl-indole selective PPAR gamma modulators with either a 3-benzoyl or 3-benzisoxazoyl moiety have been identified. In vitro, these compounds are partial agonists and exhibit reduced adipogenesis in human adipocytes. In vivo, these SPPAR gamma Ms result in potent glucose lowering in db/db mice and attenuate increases in heart weight and brown adipose tissue that is typically observed in rats upon treatment with PPAR gamma full agonists. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
[EN] OPHTHALMIC COMPOSITIONS FOR TREATING OCULAR HYPERTENSION<br/>[FR] COMPOSITIONS OPHTHALMIQUES POUR TRAITER L'HYPERTENSION OCULAIRE
申请人:MERCK & CO INC
公开号:WO2003105847A1
公开(公告)日:2003-12-24
This invention relates to the use of potent potassium channel blockers or a formulation thereof in the treatment of glaucoma and other conditions which leads to elevated intraoccular pressure in the eye of a patient. This invention also relates to the use of such compounds to provide a neuroprotective effect to the eye of mammalian species, particularly humans.
Discovery of (2<i>R</i>)-2-(3-{3-[(4-Methoxyphenyl)carbonyl]-2-methyl-6-(trifluoromethoxy)-1<i>H</i>-indol-1-yl}phenoxy)butanoic Acid (MK-0533): A Novel Selective Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor γ Modulator for the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with a Reduced Potential to Increase Plasma and Extracellular Fluid Volume
作者:John J. Acton、Taro E. Akiyama、Ching H. Chang、Lawrence Colwell、Sheryl Debenham、Thomas Doebber、Monica Einstein、Kun Liu、Margaret E. McCann、David E. Moller、Eric S. Muise、Yugen Tan、John R. Thompson、Kenny K. Wong、Margaret Wu、Libo Xu、Peter T. Meinke、Joel P. Berger、Harold B. Wood
DOI:10.1021/jm900097m
日期:2009.7.9
Peroxisomeproliferator-activatedreceptor gamma (PPARγ) agonists are used to treat type2diabetesmellitus (T2DM). Widespread use of PPARγ agonists has been prevented due to adverse effects including weight gain, edema, and increased risk of congestive heart failure. Selective PPARγ modulators (SPPARγMs) have been identified that have antidiabetic efficacy and reduced toxicity in preclinical species
Indoles having aryloxyalkanoic acid substituents or arylalkanoic acid substituents are agonists or partial agonists of PPAR gamma and are useful in the treatment and control of hyperglycemia that is symptomatic of type II diabetes, as well as dyslipidemia, hyperlipidemia, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and obesity that are often associated with type 2 diabetes.
Novel crystalline forms of two indole compounds connected to phenoxyalkylcarboxylic acid groups are selective PPAR gamma partial agonists that are useful in the treatment of type 2 diabetes, hyperglycemia, obesity, dyslipidemia, and the metabolic syndrome. The novel crystal forms include a crystalline free acid dihydrate and crystalline free acid anhydrate of one compound and several crystalline forms of the free acid and the sodium salt of the second compound. The invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising these novel crystal forms, processes to prepare the crystal forms and their pharmaceutical compositions, and uses of the crystal forms in the treatment of type 2 diabetes and other PPAR gamma modulated diseases.
Indoles of Formula I having —X-aryl-(CH
2)x
-oxazolidinedione and —X-heteroaryl-(CH
2)x
-oxazolidinedione substituents on the N atom of the indole ring, where x is 0 or 1, and —X— is a bond or —CH
2
—, and their thiazolidinedione analogs, are PPAR gamma agonists or partial agonists and are useful in the treatment and control of type II diabetes, including hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, hyperlipidemia, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and obesity that are often associated with type 2 diabetes.