an effective strategy to improve their electron mobilities by introducing electron‐withdrawinggroups (EWGs, such as F, Cl, or CF3) into the polymer backbone. However, the introduction of different EWGs always requires a different synthetic approach, leading to additional arduous work. Here, an effective two‐step method is developed to obtain EWG substituted bay‐annulated indigo (BAI) units. This method
对于供体-受体共轭聚合物,通过将吸电子基团(EWG,例如F,Cl或CF 3)引入聚合物主链,是提高其电子迁移率的有效策略。但是,引入不同的EWG总是需要不同的综合方法,从而导致额外的艰巨工作。在这里,开发了一种有效的两步法来获得EWG取代的月季靛(BAI)单位。此方法可有效地将各种EWG(F,Cl或CF 3)引入BAI的不同取代位置。基于此方法,EWG取代了BAI受体,包括2FBAI,2ClBAI和2CF 3BAI,是首次报道。此外,还开发了PBAI-V,P2FBAI-V,P2ClBAI-V和P4OBAI-V四种聚合物。所有聚合物均显示出双极性传输性质。特别是,P2ClBAI-V表现出显着的空穴迁移率和电子迁移率,分别为4.04和1.46 cm 2 V -1 s -1。这些迁移率是基于BAI的聚合物的最高价值。
A tunable synthesis of indigoids: targeting indirubin through temperature
作者:James A. Shriver、Kaylie S. Kaller、Ally L. Kinsey、Katelyn R. Wang、Summer R. Sterrenberg、Madison K. Van Vors、Joshua T. Cheek、John S. Horner
DOI:10.1039/d2ra00400c
日期:——
with molybdenum hexacarbonyl and cumyl peroxide, proceed through an indoxyl intermediate to produce significant amounts of indirubin through a competing mechanism. Modulation of this system to lower temperatures allows for careful tuning, leading to selective production of indirubins in a general process. A systematic assay of indoles show that electron deficient indoles work well when substituted at the
Exploring the biocatalytic scope of a bacterial flavin-containing monooxygenase
作者:Ana Rioz-Martínez、Malgorzata Kopacz、Gonzalo de Gonzalo、Daniel E. Torres Pazmiño、Vicente Gotor、Marco W. Fraaije
DOI:10.1039/c0ob00988a
日期:——
A bacterial flavin-containing monooxygenase (FMO), fused to phosphite dehydrogenase, has been used to explore its biocatalytic potential. The bifunctional biocatalyst could be expressed in high amounts in Escherichia coli and was able to oxidize indole and indole derivatives into a variety of indigo compounds. The monooxygenase also performs the sulfoxidation of a wide range of prochiral sulfides, showing moderate to good enantioselectivities in forming chiral sulfoxides.
The above words adopted as a motto in Australia at the beginning of the 1990s reflect the mood of community development workers and grass roots activists as we head into a new century. Communities have struggled over centuries about the way to allocate resources within society and how to live in harmony with each other. Those who have resources have power over others. This power can be used often to exclude others and to set up structures that perpetuate oppression in society. Privileged positions in society and within communities are only sustained because significant sectors of society carry the burden or bear the damages.The current changes in society have had enormous impact on communities and have caused a great level of social unease and restructuring. Community workers and activists have had to manage the impact of this crisis in many circumstances. This paper examines the impact of global changes on communities at a macro level and their implication for community organising and community development.