Ring-substituted histaprodifen analogues as partial agonists for histamine H1 receptors: synthesis and structure–activity relationships
摘要:
Thirteen racemic benzene ring-substituted analogues of histaprodifen (8a; 2-[2-(3,3-diphenylpropyl)-1H-imidazol-4-yl]ethanamine), a novel lead for potent and selective histamine H-1-receptor agonists, have been prepared from substituted 4,4-diphenylbutyronitriles 5 via cyclization of the corresponding methyl butyrimidates 6 with 2-oxo-4-phthalimido-1-butyl acetate in liquid ammonia, followed by deprotection. Nitriles 5 were accessible by alkylation of either substituted diphenylmethanes with 3-bromopropionitrile or diethyl malonate with substituted 1-chloro-diphenylmethanes and subsequent standard reactions. The title compounds 8 displayed partial agonism on contractile H-1 receptors of the guinea-pig ileum (E-max = 2-98% relative to histamine) and, compared with the endogenous agonist, were endowed with agonist potencies of 4-92%. The meta fluorinated (gc) and meta chlorinated (8f) analogues showed the highest relative potency in this series (95% confidence Limits 85-99% and 78-102%), but did not exceed the value of the lead 8a (99-124%). Compound 8c (2-[2-[3-(3-fluorophenyl)-3-phenylpropyl]-1H-imidazol-4-yl]ethanamine) was a partial agonist at contractile H-1 receptors of the guinea-pig aorta (relative potency 154% vs. 100% for histamine) and at relaxation-mediating endothelial H-1 receptors of the rat aorta (relative potency 556% vs. 100% for histamine) and matched with the functional behaviour of 8a. Agonism observed for each compound was sensitive to blockade by the selective H-1-receptor antagonist mepyramine (pA(2) approximate to 9 (guinea-pig) and pA(2) approximate to 8 (rat aorta)). All histaprodifen analogues 8 stimulated neither histaminergic H-2/H-3, nor cholinergic M-3 receptors. They displayed only low to moderate affinity for these sites (H-2: pD'(2), < 5; H-3/M-3: pA(2) < 6). With regard to the substitution pattern on the benzene ring, there was no correlation between the histaprodifen series and the corresponding derivatives of another selective H-1-receptor agonist, viz. 2-phenylhistamine. (C) 2000 Editions scientifiques et medicales Elsevier SAS.
Ring-substituted histaprodifen analogues as partial agonists for histamine H1 receptors: synthesis and structure–activity relationships
摘要:
Thirteen racemic benzene ring-substituted analogues of histaprodifen (8a; 2-[2-(3,3-diphenylpropyl)-1H-imidazol-4-yl]ethanamine), a novel lead for potent and selective histamine H-1-receptor agonists, have been prepared from substituted 4,4-diphenylbutyronitriles 5 via cyclization of the corresponding methyl butyrimidates 6 with 2-oxo-4-phthalimido-1-butyl acetate in liquid ammonia, followed by deprotection. Nitriles 5 were accessible by alkylation of either substituted diphenylmethanes with 3-bromopropionitrile or diethyl malonate with substituted 1-chloro-diphenylmethanes and subsequent standard reactions. The title compounds 8 displayed partial agonism on contractile H-1 receptors of the guinea-pig ileum (E-max = 2-98% relative to histamine) and, compared with the endogenous agonist, were endowed with agonist potencies of 4-92%. The meta fluorinated (gc) and meta chlorinated (8f) analogues showed the highest relative potency in this series (95% confidence Limits 85-99% and 78-102%), but did not exceed the value of the lead 8a (99-124%). Compound 8c (2-[2-[3-(3-fluorophenyl)-3-phenylpropyl]-1H-imidazol-4-yl]ethanamine) was a partial agonist at contractile H-1 receptors of the guinea-pig aorta (relative potency 154% vs. 100% for histamine) and at relaxation-mediating endothelial H-1 receptors of the rat aorta (relative potency 556% vs. 100% for histamine) and matched with the functional behaviour of 8a. Agonism observed for each compound was sensitive to blockade by the selective H-1-receptor antagonist mepyramine (pA(2) approximate to 9 (guinea-pig) and pA(2) approximate to 8 (rat aorta)). All histaprodifen analogues 8 stimulated neither histaminergic H-2/H-3, nor cholinergic M-3 receptors. They displayed only low to moderate affinity for these sites (H-2: pD'(2), < 5; H-3/M-3: pA(2) < 6). With regard to the substitution pattern on the benzene ring, there was no correlation between the histaprodifen series and the corresponding derivatives of another selective H-1-receptor agonist, viz. 2-phenylhistamine. (C) 2000 Editions scientifiques et medicales Elsevier SAS.
Photoredox Activation of Formate Salts: Hydrocarboxylation of Alkenes via Carboxyl Group Transfer
作者:Yan Huang、Jing Hou、Le-Wu Zhan、Qian Zhang、Wan-Ying Tang、Bin-Dong Li
DOI:10.1021/acscatal.1c04684
日期:2021.12.17
reagent, a widerange of alkenes can be converted into acid products via a carboxyl group transfer strategy in an additive-free fashion. Mechanistic studies revealed that radical anion species (CO2•– and carbon radical anions derived from the reduction of alkenes) are key intermediates of the transformation. This method has the advantages of high catalytic efficiency and a simplecatalytic system, which
Imidazolyl-substituierte Phenylpropion- und Zimtsäurederivate
申请人:BAYER AG
公开号:EP0578002A1
公开(公告)日:1994-01-12
Imidazolyl-substituierte Phenylpropion- und -zimtsäurederivate werden hergestellt, indem man entsprechende Benzylverbindungen mit Imidazolen umsetzt und gegebenenfalls die Substituenten variiert. Die Imidazolyl-substituierten Phenylpropion- und -zimtsäurederivate können als Wirkstoffe in Arzneimitteln, insbesondere bei der Behandlung von arterieller Hypertonie und Atherosklerose verwendet werden.