Sonochemically synthesized ferromagnetic Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>nanoparticles as a recyclable catalyst for the preparation of pyrrolo[3,4-c]quinoline-1,3-dione derivatives
作者:Nagaraj Basavegowda、Kanchan Mishra、Yong Rok Lee
DOI:10.1039/c4ra11623b
日期:——
This paper reports the green, rapid synthesis of Fe3O4 nanoparticles by the ultrasonic irradiation of Fe2O3 solution and Perilla frutescens (P. frutescens) leaf extract, which was used as both reducing and capping agent. The synthesized Fe3O4 nanoparticles were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray analysis, vibrating sample magnetometry, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The FT-IR spectra indicated that the bioactive molecules present in the plant extract contain polyols, which act as a reducing as well as capping agent, as confirmed by TGA. TEM and SEM showed that the Fe3O4 nanoparticles were approximately spherical in shape with a mean size of 50 nm. The synthesized Fe3O4 nanoparticles exhibited ferromagnetic behavior with a saturation magnetization of 25.15 emu g−1. The Fe3O4 nanoparticles, with their easy recovery by an external magnetic field, exhibited strong catalytic activity towards pyrrolo[3,4-c]quinoline-1,3-dione derivatives. These results suggest that the Fe3O4 nanoparticles produced can be applied as a catalyst in organic synthesis and recycled at least five times without significant loss in its activity.
本论文报道了通过超声辐照Fe2O3溶液和紫苏叶提取物绿色、快速合成Fe3O4纳米颗粒的方法,紫苏叶提取物既作为还原剂也作为配位剂。合成的Fe3O4纳米颗粒通过傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能量分散X射线分析、振动样品磁力计、热重分析(TGA)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)进行了表征。FT-IR光谱表明,植物提取物中的生物活性分子含有多羟基,这些分子作为还原剂和配位剂,这一结论由TGA进一步证实。TEM和SEM显示,Fe3O4纳米颗粒呈近似球形,平均尺寸为50 nm。合成的Fe3O4纳米颗粒表现出铁磁性行为,饱和磁化强度为25.15 emu g−1。这些Fe3O4纳米颗粒在外部磁场下易于回收,对吡咯[3,4-c]喹啉-1,3-二酮衍生物表现出强烈的催化活性。这些结果表明,生产的Fe3O4纳米颗粒可作为有机合成中的催化剂,并且至少可以回收五次而不会显著损失其活性。