3-(4,5-二甲基-吡咯-3-基)-丙酸 | 52091-04-0

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 有机杂环化合物 - 吡咯
• 中文名称: 3-(4,5-二甲基-吡咯-3-基)-丙酸
• 英文名称: 3-(4,5-dimethyl-pyrrol-3-yl)-propionic acid
• 英文别名: 3-(4,5-Dimethyl-pyrrol-3-yl)-propionsaeure；Haemopyrrolcarbonsaeure；2,3-Dimethyl-4-(2-carboxy-ethyl)-pyrrol；2,3-Dimethyl-pyrrol-4-propionsaeure；2,3-Dimethylpyrrol-4-propionsaeure；2,3-Dimethyl-pyrrole-4-propionic acid；3-(4,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)propanoic acid
• CAS: 52091-04-0
• 化学式: C₉H₁₃NO₂
• 分子量: 167.208
• InChiKey: FULCXYHVUSUUBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  1.2
• 重原子数：
  12
• 可旋转键数：
  3
• 环数：
  1.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.44
• 拓扑面积：
  53.1
• 氢给体数：
  2
• 氢受体数：
  2

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  3-(4,5-二甲基-吡咯-3-基)-丙酸 生成 4-乙基-2,3-二甲基-1H-吡咯
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Fischer,H.; Bartholomaeus, Chemische Berichte, 1912, vol. 45, p. 1924

  摘要：

  DOI：
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  hematoporphyrin 在 盐酸 、 锌 作用下， 生成 3-(4,5-二甲基-吡咯-3-基)-丙酸
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Piloty; Merzbacher, Chemische Berichte, 1909, vol. 42, p. 3254

  摘要：

  DOI：

文献信息

• THE SYNTHESIS OF HEMOPYRROLE-DICARBOXYLIC ACID AND OF SOME DIPYRROMETHENES
  作者：S. F. MacDonald、R. J. Stedman

  DOI：10.1139/v55-056

  日期：1955.3.1

  The pyrrole IIe was obtained through the known IIc and hydrolyzed to IIIb. This last could be partially decarboxylated to hemopyrrole-dicarboxylic acid IIIc or, with formic acid, converted into the...

  吡咯IIe由已知的IIc得到，水解为IIIb。这最后可以部分脱羧为血吡咯-二羧酸 IIIc，或者与甲酸一起转化为...
• Investment-Cash Flow Sensitivities are Useful: A Comment on Kaplan and Zingales
  作者：S. M. Fazzari、R. G. Hubbard、B. C. Petersen

  DOI：10.1162/003355300554773

  日期：2000.5.1

  A recent paper in this Journal by Kaplan and Zingales reexamines a subset of firms from work of Fazzari, Hubbard, and Petersen and criticizes the usefulness of investment-cash flow sensitivities for detecting financing constraints. We show that the Kaplan and Zingales theoretical model fails to capture the approach employed in the literature and thus does not provide an effective critique. Moreover, we describe why their empirical classification system is flawed in identifYing both whether firms are constrained and the relative degree of constraints across firm groups. We conclude that their results do not support their conclusions about the usefulness of investment-cash flow sensitivities.

  近期Kaplan和Zingales在本期刊发表的一篇论文重新审视了Fazzari、Hubbard和Petersen的研究中一部分公司的数据，并批评了投资-现金流敏感性在检测融资约束中的实用性。我们表明，Kaplan和Zingales的理论模型未能捕捉文献中采用的方法，因此并没有提供有效的批评。此外，我们还解释了他们的实证分类系统在识别公司是否受限及各公司组别的相对约束程度方面的缺陷。我们得出结论，他们的结果并不支持他们关于投资-现金流敏感性实用性的结论。
• Cyclophane porphyrins and their metal complexes
  作者：Hisanobu Ogoshi、Hiroshi Sugimoto、Masao Miyake、Zen-Ichi Yoshida

  DOI：10.1016/0040-4020(84)85063-2

  日期：1984.1

  complexes of the cyclophane porphyrins was investigated by changing the size of the bridged chain or size of axial ligand. The cyclophane-porphyrinato (III) perchlorate complexes in a mixture of MeOH and CHCl3, with 4-benzylpyridine provide a model for methemoproteins. Steric constraint between an axial ligand and the bridge group, [-CH2CH2CONH(CH2)nNHCOCH2CH2]at the bridged face determines the ratio

  通过α，c-二甲二烯合成了新的对称卟啉7,8,17,18-四乙基-3,13-二甲基卟啉-2，12-二丙酸及其衍生物。将二丙酸与二胺[H 2 N（CH 2）n NH 2，n = 6,7,8,9,10,12,14]缩合，得到相应的环烷卟啉。桥联基团通过其锌配合物的1 H-NMR光谱进行表征。通过改变桥连链的大小或轴向配体的大小，研究了环烷卟啉Fe（III）配合物的自旋态。MeOH和CHCl 3的混合物中的环烷-卟啉酮（III）高氯酸盐络合物，与4-苄基吡啶一起提供甲基化蛋白的模型。轴向配体与桥基之间的立体约束，在桥联面上的[-CH 2 CH 2 CONH（CH 2）n NHCOCH 2 CH 2 ]决定了五配位和六配位的铁配合物的比例。O与Co（II）环烷卟啉的结合速率是目前存在的结果，表明从Co（II）配合物附近除去溶剂分子或第六轴向配体会增加O结合的速率。
• Abiotic formation of uroporphyrinogen and coproporphyrinogen from acyclic reactants
  作者：Jonathan S. Lindsey、Vanampally Chandrashaker、Masahiko Taniguchi、Marcin Ptaszek

  DOI：10.1039/c0nj00716a

  日期：——

  Tetrapyrrole macrocycles (e.g., porphyrins) have long been proposed as key ingredients in the emergence of life, yet plausible routes for forming their essential pyrrole precursor have previously not been identified. Here, the anaerobic reaction of δ-aminolevulinic acid (ALA, 5–240 mM) with 5-methoxy-3-(methoxyacetyl)levulinic acid (1-AcOH, 5–240 mM) in water (pH 5–7) at 25–85 °C for a few hours to a few days affords uroporphyrinogen, which upon chemical oxidation gives uroporphyrin in overall yield of up to 10%. The key intermediate is the α-methoxymethyl-substituted analogue of the pyrrole porphobilinogen (PBG). Reaction of ALA and the decarboxy analogue of 1-AcOH (1-Me) gave coproporphyrinogen (without its biosynthetic precursor uroporphyrinogen as an intermediate); oxidation gave the corresponding coproporphyrin in yields comparable to those for uroporphyrin. In each case a mixture of porphyrin isomers was obtained, consistent with reversible oligopyrromethane formation. The route investigated here differs from the universal extant biosynthetic pathway to tetrapyrrole macrocycles, where uroporphyrinogen (isomer III) – nature's last common precursor to corrins, heme, and chlorophylls – is derived from eight molecules of ALA (via four molecules of PBG). The demonstration of the spontaneous self-organization of eight acyclic molecules to form the porphyrinogen under simple conditions may open the door to the development of a chemical model for the prebiogenesis of tetrapyrrole macrocycles.

  长期以来，四吡咯大环（如卟啉）一直被认为是生命出现的关键因素，但形成其重要吡咯前体的合理途径以前尚未发现。在这里，δ-氨基乙酰丙酸（ALA，5-240 mM）与 5-甲氧基-3-（甲氧基乙酰基）乙酰丙酸（1-AcOH，5-240 mM）在 25-85 °C 的水中（pH 5-7）经过几小时到几天的厌氧反应生成卟啉原。关键的中间体是吡咯卟啉原（PBG）的α-甲氧基甲基取代类似物。ALA 与 1-AcOH 的癸羧类似物（1-Me）反应产生共卟啉原（没有其生物合成前体尿卟啉原作为中间体）；氧化产生相应的共卟啉，其产量与尿卟啉相当。在每种情况下都能得到卟啉异构体的混合物，这与低聚吡咯烷的可逆形成是一致的。这里研究的途径不同于四吡咯大环的普遍现存生物合成途径，在这种途径中，尿卟啉原（异构体 III）--自然界中卟啉、血红素和叶绿素的最后一种常见前体--来自八分子 ALA（通过四分子 PBG）。证明八个无环分子在简单条件下自发自组织形成卟啉原，可能为开发四吡咯大环的前生物生成化学模型打开了大门。
• Soldering flux and solder paste composition
  申请人：Denso Corporation

  公开号：EP1897652A1

  公开（公告）日：2008-03-12

  A soldering flux contains a base resin and an activating agent. The soldering flux contains, as the activating agent, an oxygen-containing heterocyclic compound having at least one carboxyl group in a molecule. A solder paste composition contains the abovementioned soldering flux and the solder alloy powder. These enable exhibition of excellent wettability to lead-free metals and plating, irrespective of the type of the metals.

  一种焊接助焊剂含有一种基础树脂和一种活化剂。作为活化剂，助焊剂含有一种分子中至少含有一个羧基的含氧杂环化合物。焊膏组合物包含上述焊剂和焊料合金粉。无论金属的类型如何，它们都能对无铅金属和电镀产生极佳的润湿性。