Competing Fragmentation, Substitution and Elimination in the Solvolysis of Alkylated 3-Chloropropanols and their Ethers. Fragmentation reactions no. 28
作者:Walter Fischer、Cyril A. Grob
DOI:10.1002/hlca.19780610707
日期:1978.11.1
The unstrained 3-chloroalcohols 1a, 2a and 3a do not undergo solvolytic fragmentation in neutral and weakly acidic 80% ethanol, only substitution and elimination products being formed by the limiting SN1-E1 mechanisms. This also applies to the corresponding ethers 1b and 3b. Addition of sodium hydroxide causes the observed rate constants for the 3-chloroalcohols to rise steeply by factors of at least
LITHOGRAPHIC PRINTING PLATE PRECURSOR AND LITHOGRAPHIC PRINTING PROCESS
申请人:OOHASHI Hidekazu
公开号:US20110054212A1
公开(公告)日:2011-03-03
A lithographic printing plate precursor, which comprises: a support; an image-recording layer; and a protective layer, in this order, wherein at least one of the image-recording layer and the protective layer comprises a phosphonium salt having a specific structure, and a lithographic printing process, which comprises: exposing a lithographic printing plate precursor; supplying an oil-based ink and a fountain solution comprising a phosphonium salt having a specific structure to the exposed lithographic printing plate precursor on a printing machine to remove an unexposed area of an image-recording layer; and conducting printing.
An interlayer film for a laminated glass comprises polyvinyl butyral and a plasticizer and has a T peel strength at 20°C of not more than 0.5 kg/cm, said polyvinyl butyral satisfying the following expressionwherein X is the degree of butyralization in mole% and Y is the half-value width in cm-1 of hydroxyl absorption in the infrared absorption spectrum of the polyvinyl butyral in which the ordinate represents the transmittance and the abscissa represents the wave number.
一种用于夹层玻璃的中间膜,由聚乙烯醇缩丁醛和增塑剂组成,20°C 时的 T 型剥离强度不超过 0.5 kg/cm,所述聚乙烯醇缩丁醛满足以下表达式,其中 X 是以摩尔%为单位的丁醛化程度,Y 是聚乙烯醇缩丁醛红外吸收光谱中羟基吸收的半值宽度(以 cm-1 为单位),其中纵座标代表透射率,横座标代表波数。
Detergent composition for hard surface
申请人:Kao Corporation
公开号:EP0698660A2
公开(公告)日:1996-02-28
A detergent composition for hard surfaces includes (a) 0.1-30 wt.% of a cationic surfactant represented by the general formula (1) or (2):
wherein R¹ is a linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl group having 6-11 carbon atoms, R² is a methyl group or a linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl group having 6-11 carbon atoms, R³ is a linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl group having 6-11 carbon atoms, and X is a halogen atom or a residue of an alkylsulfuric acid; (b) 0.1-20 wt.% of a sequestering agent; and (c) 0.1-20 wt.% of a water-soluble solvent. The composition has a pH of 3-12. Since the detergent composition is excellent in the ability to decompose and solubilize metallic soap scum, the dirt on a bathtub and the like in a bathroom can be quickly and easily cleansed off.
A liquid crystal aligning agent contains
(1) at least one polymer selected from the group consisting of a polyamic acid obtainable by a reaction between a tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride and a diamine compound and an imidized polymer obtainable by cyclization with dehydration of the polyamic acid;
(2) at least one first solvent selected from the group consisting of N-alkyl-2-pyrrolidones, lactones, and 1,3-dialkyl-2-imidazolidinones;
(3) at least one second solvent selected from the group consisting of:
(a) a first compound represented by general formula (I)
wherein R1 is an alkylene group having 2 or 3 carbon atoms; R2 is an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms an acetyl group or a propionyl group; R3 is an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, an alkoxyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, or a halogen atom; a is 1 or 2; and b is 0 or integers of from 1 to 5; and
(b) a second compound represented by general formula (II)
wherein R4 is an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; R5 is an alkylene group having 2 or 3 carbon atoms; R6 is an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms; and c is 1 or 2.