Cucurbit[6]uril (CB[6]) 是一种大环化合物,由甘脲和甲醛在一锅中制备,其分子识别特性使其成为深入研究的对象。CB[n] 形成机制的研究可能为 CB[n] 同系物和衍生物的定制合成提供见解,但由于 CB[n] 的复杂结构而受到阻碍。通过降低形成 S 形 (12S-18S) 和 C 形 (12C-18C) 亚甲基桥联甘脲二聚体的反应复杂性,我们已经能够探索 CB[n] 机制的基本步骤合成到以前不可能达到的水平。例如,我们提出了强有力的证据,证明 CB[n] 合成的机制是通过 S 形和 C 形二聚体的中介进行的。S 形和 C 形二聚体的相对自由能的第一次实验测定表明 C 形非对映异构体的热力学偏好 (1.55-3.25 kcal mol(-)(1))。这种热力学偏好不是因为自缔合、溶剂化或模板效应。此外,标记实验使我们能够阐明 S 形和 C 形非对映异构体之间这种酸催化平衡
作者:Anxin Wu、Arindam Chakraborty、Dariusz Witt、Jason Lagona、Fehmi Damkaci、Marie A. Ofori、Jessica K. Chiles、James C. Fettinger、Lyle Isaacs
DOI:10.1021/jo0258958
日期:2002.8.1
Cyclic ethers 5a,d-f and 25-26 undergo highly diastereoselective dimerizationreactions to yield methylene-bridged glycoluril dimers with the formal extrusion of formaldehyde. Last, it is possible to perform selective heterodimerization reactions using both cyclic ethers and glycoluril derivatives bearing ureidyl NH groups. These reactions deliver the desired C- and S-shaped heterodimers with low to moderate
The receptor derivedfrom the diethoxycarbonyl glycoluril was synthesized and characterized by IR, 1H NMR, MS techniques and X‐ray single crystal analysis. Single crystal X‐ray diffraction reveals that the receptor remains monomeric because of its bulky t‐Bu groups on the side walls. Its unique binding properties for aromatic amides were studied through 1H NMR and IR techniques.
合成了二乙氧基羰基甘脲的受体,并通过IR,1 H NMR,MS技术和X射线单晶分析对其进行了表征。单晶X射线衍射表明,由于其侧壁上的t- Bu基团庞大,因此该受体保持单体状态。通过1 H NMR和IR技术研究了其对芳族酰胺的独特结合性能。
Self-Sorting: The Exception or the Rule?
作者:Anxin Wu、Lyle Isaacs
DOI:10.1021/ja028913b
日期:2003.4.1
whether it is likely to become a more general phenomenon governingmolecular recognition and self-assembly. To address this question we prepared a mixture comprising two of Davis' self-assembled ionophores, Rebek's tennis ball and calixarene tetraurea capsule, Meijer's ureidopyrimidinone, Reinhoudt's calixarene bis(rosette), and two molecular clips in CDCl(3) solution and observed the behavior of this
Molecular Clips Form Isostructural Dimeric Aggregates from Benzene to Water
作者:Anxin Wu、Pritam Mukhopadhyay、Arindam Chakraborty、James C. Fettinger、Lyle Isaacs
DOI:10.1021/ja0486972
日期:2004.8.1
We report the synthesis and characterization of eight C-shaped methylene-bridged glycoluril dimers (1-8) bearing hydrogen-bonding amide groups on their aromatic rings. Compounds 1-6 undergo tight dimerization in CDCl3 solution (K-s > 9 x 10(5) M-1); binary mixtures of 1-7 form mixtures of homodimers and heterodimers in moderately selective dimerization processes (0.23 less than or equal to K-eq less than or equal to 768; 0.253 less than or equal to chi(AB) < 0.933). The high affinity formation of 1(.)1-6(.)6 is due to the commensurate nature of the geometrical constraints imposed by the pi-pi interactions and only two hydrogen bonds. The differential response of the strengths of the pi-pi interactions and H-bonds of 2(.)2 to changes in solvent polarity-from C6D6 to D2O-results in the formation of a solvent-independent isostructural aggregate that exhibits high affinity dimerization across the full range of solvents.
Self-Sorting Molecular Clips
作者:Soumyadip Ghosh、Anxin Wu、James C. Fettinger、Peter Y. Zavalij、Lyle Isaacs
DOI:10.1021/jo8009424
日期:2008.8.1
We report the synthesis and characterization of 12 C-shaped methylene-bridged glycoluril dimers (1-12) bearing H-bonding groups on their aromatic rings. Compounds 1, 2, (+/-)-4a, (+/-)-5, (+/-)-7, and 8 form tightly associated homodimers in CDCl3, due to the combined driving force of pi-pi and H-bonding interactions. Compounds 2, ()-5, and 8, having disparate spatial distribution of their H-bonding groups, display the ability to efficiently distinguish between self and nonself even within three-component mixtures in CDCl3. When the spatial distributions of the H-bonding groups of the molecular clips are similar (e.g., 1 and 2), a mixture of homodimers and heterodimers is formed. The effect of various structural modifications (e.g., chirality, side chain steric bulk, number and pattern of H-bonds) on the strength of self-assembly and the fidelity of self-sorting are presented. On the basis of these results we prepared self-sorting systems comprising three (e.g., 1, (+/-)-5, and (+/-)-7) and even four (2, (+/-)-5, 9, and 10) components. The potential of molecular clips 1-12 as robust, functionalizable, self-sorting modules to control the noncovalent interaction network in systems chemistry studies is described.