Total Synthesis of Amphidinolide Y by Formation of Trisubstituted (E)-Double Bond via Ring-Closing Metathesis of Densely Functionalized Alkenes
摘要:
Amphidinolide Y, a 17-membered cytotoxic macrolide isolated from marine dinoflagellates, has been synthesized via ring-closing metathesis to assemble the congested trisubstituted (E)-double bond. The seco precursor was prepared from readily available chiral synthons with the tetrahydrofuran ring formed via 5-endo epoxide ring-opening cyclization. It was found that the C6-keto seco substrate showed higher reactivity toward Grubbs' second generation catalyst while Schrock's Mo catalyst was completely inactive for formation of the macrocycle.
Two esterifications and an RCM to create the challenging trisubstituted C12-C13 double bond were required in the total synthesis of amphidinolideX (1) reported here. Assembling the three fragments in this order, no RCM occurred or the process yielded mainly isomer Z. However, generating the E double bond first, by a new variant of a Si-tethered metathesis (using Schrock's catalyst), and carrying out
Total Synthesis of Amphidinolide X and Its 12<i>Z</i>-Isomer by Formation of the C12-C13 Trisubstituted Double Bond via Ring-Closing Metathesis
作者:Wei-Min Dai、Jinlong Wu、Yile Chen、Jian Jin、Jianshu Lou、Qiaojun He
DOI:10.1055/s-2008-1077885
日期:——
Amphidinolide X, a 16-membered cytotoxic macrodiolide, and its 12Z-isomer have been synthesized via ring-closing metathesis (RCM) for assembling the C12-C13 trisubstituted double bond. A 29:71 E/Z mixture was obtained from the seco substrate appended with a bulky C8-ODPS group in 50-65% combined yields by using 20 mol% of the second-generation Grubbs initiator and the corresponding indenylidene ruthenium complex. Amphidinolide X and 12Z-isomer exhibit similar cytotoxicity (IC50: 7.6-13.9 µg/mL) against A549, KB, and HL60 cell lines.
The Negishi coupling between a chiral C3 synthon and an iodoalkene arising from 3-butyn-l-ol, which gave the C3-C9 fragment of amphidinolide Y, was the starting point of a formal total synthesis of this marine natural product. By means of Sharpless ADH and TADDOL-mediated crotylation, the full western fragment (C1-C11) was obtained, which was coupled with the eastern fragment (3-hydroxyoxolane derivative). The penultimate step (ring-closing metathesis, with G-II, H-G-II, or Nitro-Grela reagents, under several conditions) posed great difficulties. The cyclization was achieved with 15c (7,9-bis-O-TES) and 15d (7-O-TES, 9-O-TBS); more than stoichiometric amounts of the H-G-II Ru complex were required for complete conversion. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.