Amphiphilic ionic liquids and ionic liquid crystals, comprising a cationic imidazolium head group (represents as Im), a hydrophobic N-alkyl chain (CnH2n+1, denoted as Cn, n = 10, 12, 14, 16 and 18), and an amphiphilic N-2-(2-(2-ethoxy)ethoxy)ethanol (3OEG) functional group were synthesized (denoted as [Cn-Im-3OEG][Cl]). While the lipophilicity of [Cn-Im-3OEG][Cl] increases along with the alkyl carbon chain length, the water solubility of these compounds is enhanced with the 3OEG functionality. Compounds with lengths of n = 10, 12 and 14 are room temperature ionic liquids, whereas n = 16 and 18 show thermotropic SmA liquid crystal properties. Meanwhile, compounds of n = 14, 16 and 18 also exhibit lyotropic liquid crystal properties. The ionic and lyotropic liquid crystalline natures of these compounds lead to their superior antimicrobial activity against infectious pathogens. This is especially true for compounds with longer alkyl chains. Rupture of the bioenvelop appears to be operative in the process of antimicrobial activity.
合成了两亲性
离子液体和离子液晶,包含带有阳离子
咪唑头基(用Im表示)、疏
水性N-烷基链(CnH2n+1,用Cn表示,n = 10、12、14、16和18)和两亲性N-2-(2-(2-乙氧)乙氧)
乙醇(3O
EG)功能基团(用[Cn-Im-3O
EG][Cl]表示)。随着烷基碳链长度的增加,[Cn-Im-3O
EG][Cl]的亲脂性增强,而这些化合物的
水溶性则随着3O
EG功能团的引入而提高。长度为n = 10、12和14的化合物为室温
离子液体,而n = 16和18表现出热致SmA液晶特性。同时,n = 14、16和18的化合物也展现了液相色晶特性。这些化合物的离子性和液相色晶特性使其对传染性病原体具有优越的抗菌活性,尤其是对于那些具有更长烷基链的化合物。在抗菌活性过程中,
生物膜的破裂似乎起到了关键作用。