An Experimental Estimation of Aromaticity Relative to That of Benzene. The Synthesis and NMR Properties of a Series of Highly Annelated Dimethyldihydropyrenes: Bridged Benzannulenes
摘要:
The synthesis of 13 trans-dimethyldihydropyrenes (bridged [14]annulenes) fused to one or more benzene, naphthalene, phenanthrene, phenalene, or quinoxaline rings and 6 cis-dihydropyrene derivatives from benzenoid precursors using either a thiacyclophane route or an electrocyclic addition of a furan to an annulyne followed by deoxygenation is reported. Their H-1 NMR spectra are studied in detail to obtain correlations between (3)J(H,H) coupling constants and the internal methyl proton chemical shifts and also between the latter and the more distant external annulene ring proton shifts. These linear correlations are then used to obtain a relationship between the relative aromaticity of benzene and the fused ring in question, such that the aromaticity of the fused ring can be estimated relative to that of a benzene ring simply from a measurement of chemical shift in the fused annulene.
A novel Birch reduction of aromatic compounds using aqueous titanium trichloride: anions of trans-10b,10c-dimethyl-2,7,10b,10c-tetrahydropyrene
作者:Jianping Jiang、Yee-Hing Lai
DOI:10.1016/s0040-4039(02)02785-5
日期:2003.2
The Birch reduction of 10b,10c-dimethyl-10b,10c-dihydropyrene 1 and anthracene could be predicted on the basis of their reduction potentials and achieved readily with aqueous titanium trichloride in near quantitative yields. Controlled reduction of a nitro group could be achieved under these conditions with the aromatic hydrocarbon remaining intact. The anion derived from the hexane obtained from reduction
<i>N</i>-BROMOSUCCINIMIDE-CHLOROFORM, A MORE CONVENIENT METHOD TO NUCLEAR BROMINATE REACTIVE AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
作者:Reginald H. Mitchell、Yongsheng Chen、Ji Zhang
DOI:10.1080/00304949709355255
日期:1997.12
The synthesis and trapping of the first [14]annulyne with benzyne like reactivity. A fast route to several annelated bridged annulenes.
作者:Reginald H. Mitchell、Pengzu Zhou
DOI:10.1016/s0040-4039(00)98049-3
日期:1990.1
Benzannulated annulenes. 10. Unusual macrocyclic biphenyls containing the dihydropyrene nucleus. An observation of aryl group transfer from phosphine to aryl halide using nickel complexes
作者:Reginald H. Mitchell、Mahima Chaudhary、Thomas W. Dingle、Richard Vaughan Williams
DOI:10.1021/ja00337a021
日期:1984.12
Synthesis and rotational barrier of an unsymmetrical bi-annulenyl derived from a bridged [14]annulene, a model for 1,2′-binaphthyl
作者:Reginald H. Mitchell、Ji Zhang
DOI:10.1016/s0040-4039(97)01518-9
日期:1997.9
Nickel(0) catalysed coupling of a 1:1 mixture of 2-bromo- and 4-bromo-trans-10b,10c-dimethyldihydropyrene yields 28% of the first unsymmetrically connected bi-annulenyl 4, with 33% of 2. Unlike 2, the bi-annulenyl 4 has a significant barrier to rotation which is estimated at 11.0 kcal/mole from T-c measurement compared to an MM2+PI calculated barrier of 12 kcal/mole. This is the first measurement of the barrier to rotation in a 1,2'-binaphthyl type system. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd.