Synthesis and Self-Assembly of Glycal-Based Bolaforms
摘要:
Glycal-based bolaforms serve as synthetically flexible components of molecular self-assembly. The compounds are prepared in good yield by a Ferrier reaction between triacetylglucal or -galactal or diacetylxylal and a long chain alpha,omega-diol, followed by deacetylation under Zemplen conditions. The reactions are stereoselective and preferentially afford the alpha-diastereomer. The bolaforms undergo self-assembly in water or water/dioxane solution to give a variety of nanostructures. In solution, bolaforms with C-8 or C-10 chains between glucal headgroups form nanoscale vesicles. In contrast, bolaforms with C-12 chains exhibit lower solubility and a dynamic self-assembly, forming several different nanoscale structures. However, the solid-state structures of C-12 bolaform isomers adopt shapes very similar to those of bolaforms possessing more extensive hydrogen-bonding networks, indicating that multiple hydrogen bonds in solution are important to formation of stable, discrete nanostructures but that only a few key intermolecular interactions between bolaform headgroups are necessary to determine the structure in the solid state. The diversity and differentiation of the functional groups present in glycal-based bolaforms suggest that they could be useful probes of the various noncovalent forces controlling the structure of new nanomaterials.
Synthesis and Self-Assembly of Glycal-Based Bolaforms
摘要:
Glycal-based bolaforms serve as synthetically flexible components of molecular self-assembly. The compounds are prepared in good yield by a Ferrier reaction between triacetylglucal or -galactal or diacetylxylal and a long chain alpha,omega-diol, followed by deacetylation under Zemplen conditions. The reactions are stereoselective and preferentially afford the alpha-diastereomer. The bolaforms undergo self-assembly in water or water/dioxane solution to give a variety of nanostructures. In solution, bolaforms with C-8 or C-10 chains between glucal headgroups form nanoscale vesicles. In contrast, bolaforms with C-12 chains exhibit lower solubility and a dynamic self-assembly, forming several different nanoscale structures. However, the solid-state structures of C-12 bolaform isomers adopt shapes very similar to those of bolaforms possessing more extensive hydrogen-bonding networks, indicating that multiple hydrogen bonds in solution are important to formation of stable, discrete nanostructures but that only a few key intermolecular interactions between bolaform headgroups are necessary to determine the structure in the solid state. The diversity and differentiation of the functional groups present in glycal-based bolaforms suggest that they could be useful probes of the various noncovalent forces controlling the structure of new nanomaterials.
Synthesis of Glycoside Derivatives Employing the Ferrier Rearrangement
作者:Eusebius Wieczorek、Joachim Thiem
DOI:10.1080/07328309808002352
日期:1998.5.1
Various glycals underwent smooth Lewis acid-catalysed allylic rearrangement reactions with O-nucleophiles to yield 2,3-unsaturated glycoside derivatives. In the hexose series predominantly alpha-D-, and in the pentose series beta-D-anomers resulted. Among others omega-cyano- as well as omega-benzyloxycarbonylamino functionalised alcohols could be used successfully. With diols the corresponding 1,1'-bridged disaccharides could be obtained.