Sodium diformylamide (1) was used as a convenient substitute for phthalimide in the Gabriel synthesis of primary amines. Reagent 1 undergoes smooth N-alkylation with alkyl halides or p-toluenesulfonates 2 in acetonitrile or dimethylformamide to give the corresponding N,N-diformylalkylamines 3 in good yields, except with alkylating agents which are susceptible to base-catalyzed elimination. The formyl group of 3 can be easily removed by hydrochloric acid to give the corresponding alkylamine hydrochlorides 5 or free alkylamines 4.
二甲酰胺
钠(1)作为戊二
酰亚胺在初级胺的加百利合成中一种方便的替代品。试剂1与烷基卤化物或
对甲苯磺酸盐2在
乙腈或二甲基甲酰胺中进行平稳的N-烷基化反应,能够良好地生成相应的N,N-二甲酰基烷基胺3,产率良好,除了那些易受到碱催化消除影响的烷基化试剂。3中的甲酰基可以通过
盐酸轻松去除,生成相应的烷基胺盐酸盐5或游离烷基胺4。