Copper-Catalyzed Oxy-Alkenylation of Homoallylic Alcohols to Generate Functional<i>syn</i>-1,3-Diol Derivatives
作者:Dean Holt、Matthew J. Gaunt
DOI:10.1002/anie.201501995
日期:2015.6.26
functionalized 1,3‐diol derivatives is reported. Employing a copper‐catalyzed oxy‐alkenylation strategy, a range of readily available, substituted homoallylic alcohol derivatives and alkenyl(aryl) iodonium salts combine to form syn‐1,3‐carbonates in excellent yield and with high selectivity. Furthermore, the products formed are amenable to an iterative reaction sequence, thus affording highly complex polyketide‐like
Study on the coupling of acyclic esters with alkenes – the synthesis of 2-(2-hydroxyalkyl)cyclopropanols via cascade cyclization using allylsamarium bromide
作者:Yawei Tu、Liejin Zhou、Ruifeng Yin、Xin Lv、Robert A. Flowers II、Kimberly A. Choquette、Huili Liu、Qingsheng Niu、Xiaoxia Wang
DOI:10.1039/c2cc34630c
日期:——
The radical cyclization between aliphatic acyclic esters and alkenes was achieved unprecedentedly in the presence of allylsamarium bromide with HMPA and H2O as additives. The cascade radical cyclizationâring-openingâanionic cyclization allowed facile and efficient access to 2-(2-hydroxyalkyl)cyclopropanols from readily available materials.
Alpha-Halogenoalkyl carboxylates (FG-R1CH(X)(OCOR2); FG = COOR, CN, SR; X = I, Br) were readily prepared by the addition of an acid chloride or bromide (R2COX; X = Br or Cl) to an aldehyde (FG-RCHO) in the presence of a catalytic amount of ZnCl2. They insert efficiently zinc dust in THF-DMSO (X = Br, 8-10-degrees-C, 6-10 h) affording the corresponding zinc organometallics at the a position to oxygen FG-RCH(ZnBr)(OAc). After the addition of the THF-soluble copper salt CuCN.2LiCl, the corresponding copper reagents FG-RCH(Cu(CN)ZnBr)(OAc) are formed and reacted with various classes of electrophiles such as acid chlorides, aldehydes, enones, allylic and alkynyl halides, activated alkynes, nitro olefins and alkylidenemalonates providing polyfunctional molecules in excellent yields. Similarly, zinc organometallics at the a position to the nitrogen of cyclic imides were prepared by the zinc insertion to cyclic alpha-chloromethyl (or alpha-chloroethyl) imides. After their transmetalation to the corresponding copper organometallic ((R1CO)2NCH(R)(Cu(CN)ZnCl); R = Me or H), they were reacted with allylic and alkynyl halides and ethyl propiolate affording polyfunctional imides. The reaction of cyclic N-(chloromethyl)imides with aldehydes in the presence of chromium(II) chloride in THF furnishes protected amino alcohols in 36-95% yield.