Synthesis of Interglycosidically S‐Linked 1‐Thio‐Oligosaccharides Under Microwave Irradiation
摘要:
Microwave irradiation (MWI) has accelerated the synthesis of S-(2,3,4,6-tetra- O-acetyl-beta-D-glucopyranosyl)thiouronium bromide (2a), whose reaction with 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl bromide (1a) in the presence of Et3N afforded stereoselectively the acetylated beta,beta-1-thiotrehalose 4a. Similarly, the respective D-galactopyranosyl 4b and 2-acetylamino-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranosyl 4c analog as well as 4,4'-di-O-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-beta-D- galactopyranosyl) 4d and 4,4'-di-O-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-alpha-D- glucopyranosyl) 4e derivatives of 2,2',3,3',6,6'-hexa-O-acetyl beta,beta-1- thiotrehalose were prepared.
Design and Synthesis of Hydrolytically Stable Multivalent Ligands Bearing Thiodigalactoside Analogues for Peanut Lectin and Human Galectin-3 Binding
作者:Alejandro J. Cagnoni、José Kovensky、María Laura Uhrig
DOI:10.1021/jo500883v
日期:2014.7.18
Herein, we describe the design and synthesis of a novel family of hydrolytically stable glycoclusters bearing thiodigalactoside (TDG) analogues as recognition elements of beta-galactoside binding lectins. The TDG analogue was synthesized by thioglycosylation of a 6-S-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosyl bromide with the isothiouronium salt of 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-beta-D-galactose. Further propargylation of the TDG analogue allowed the coupling to azido-functionalized oligosaccharide scaffolds through copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) under microwave activation. The final mono-, di-, and tetravalent ligands were resistant to enzymatic hydrolisis by Escherichia coli beta-galactosidase. Binding affinities to peanut agglutinin and human galectin-3 were measured by isothermal titration calorimetry which showed K-a constants in the micromolar range as well as a multivalent effect. Monovalent ligand exhibited a binding affinity higher than that of thiodigalactoside. Docking studies performed with a model ligand on both beta-galactoside binding lectins showed additional interactions between the triazole ring and lectin amino acid residues, suggesting a positive effect of this aromatic residue on the biological activity.
A Study of Some S-(Polyacetyl-β-D-glycopyranosyl)-thiuronium Halides