Preparation and Structure−Activity Relationship of Novel P1/P1‘-Substituted Cyclic Urea-Based Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type-1 Protease Inhibitors
摘要:
A series of novel P1/P1'-substituted cyclic urea-based HIV-1 protease inhibitors was prepared. Three different synthetic schemes were used to assemble these compounds. The first approach uses amino acid-based starting materials and was originally used to prepare DMP 323. The other two approaches use L-tartaric acid or L-mannitol as the starting material. The required four contiguous R,S,S,R centers of the cyclic urea scaffold are introduced using substrate control methodology. Each approach has specific advantages based on the desired P1/P1' substituent. Designing analogs based on the enzyme's natural substrates provided compounds with reduced activity. Attempts at exploiting hydrogen bond sites in the S1/S1' pocket, suggested by molecular modeling studies, were not fruitful. Several analogs had better binding affinity compared to our initial leads. Modulating the compound's physical properties led to a 10-fold improvement in translation resulting in better overall antiviral activity.
The synthesis of symmetrical and unsymmetrical P1/P1′ cyclic ureas as HIV protease inhibitors
作者:Mona Patel、Robert F. Kaltenbach、David A. Nugiel、Robert J. McHugh、Prabhakar K. Jadhav、Lee T. Bacheler、Beverly C. Cordova、Ronald M. Klabe、Susan Erickson-Viitanen、Sena Garber、Carol Reid、Steven P. Seitz
DOI:10.1016/s0960-894x(98)00175-9
日期:1998.5
Cyclicurea SD146, a potentHIVproteaseinhibitor bearing a flat resistance profile, possessed poor solubility and bioavailability, which precluded further development of the compound. In an effort to improve upon the pharmacokinetic profile of the compound, several analogs modified at the P1/P1' residues were prepared and evaluated. Several of those compounds displayed significant improvement of