Targeting Dopamine D3 and Serotonin 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A Receptors for Developing Effective Antipsychotics: Synthesis, Biological Characterization, and Behavioral Studies
摘要:
Combination of dopamine D-3 antagonism, serotonin 5-HT1A partial agonism, and antagonism at 5-HT2A leads to a novel approach to potent atypical antipsychotics. Exploitation of the original structureactivity relationships resulted in the identification of safe and effective antipsychotics devoid of extrapyramidal symptoms liability, sedation, and catalepsy. The potential atypical antipsychotic 5bb was selected for further pharmacological investigation. The distribution of c-fos positive cells in the ventral striatum confirmed the atypical antipsychotic profile of 5bb in agreement with behavioral rodent studies. 5bb administered orally demonstrated a biphasic effect on the MK801-induced hyperactivity at dose levels not able to induce sedation, catalepsy, or learning impairment in passive avoidance. In microdialysis studies, 5bb increased the dopamine efflux in the medial prefrontal cortex. Thus, 5bb represents a valuable lead for the development of atypical antipsychotics endowed with a unique pharmacological profile for addressing negative symptoms and cognitive deficits in schizophrenia.
分子内N-酰基亚胺离子与Friedel-Crafts在3-吲哚上的环化:新型吡咯并[2,1- b ]吲哚和同系物的合成
摘要:
吲哚-2-羧酸β-和γ-氧代酰胺的酸处理导致Friedel-Crafts分子内环化为β-咔啉酮和二氢-2 H-氮杂环庚烷[3,4- b ]吲哚-1-酮,与仲δ相反-,ɛ-和ζ-氧代酰胺,可环化成新型杂环吡咯并[2,1- b ]吲哚,吲哚并[2,1- b ]吲哚和9a,11-二氮杂茚并[1,2-通过中间的N-酰基亚胺离子形成α ] azulene。叔酰胺仅导致Friedel-Crafts环闭合,从而允许合成更大的稠合环。