A protocol for the Pd-catalyzed hydroxycarbonylation of aryl iodides, bromides, and chlorides has been developed using only 1-5 mol % of CO, corresponding to a p(CO) as low as 0.1 bar. Potassium formate is the only stoichiometric reagent, acting as a mildly basic nucleophile and a reservoir of CO. The substoichiometric CO could be delivered to the reaction from an acyl-Pd(II) precatalyst, which provides
已开发出一种用于芳基
碘化物、
溴化物和
氯化物的 Pd 催化羟基羰基化的方案,仅使用 1-5 mol% 的 CO,对应于低至 0.1 bar 的 ap(CO)。
甲酸钾是唯一的
化学计量试剂,作为温和的碱性亲核试剂和 CO 的储库。亚
化学计量的 CO 可以从酰基-Pd(II) 预催化剂输送到反应中,提供 CO 和活性催化剂,和从而避免了处理有毒气体的需要。