Competitive Binding Assay with an Umbelliferone-Based Fluorescent Rexinoid for Retinoid X Receptor Ligand Screening
摘要:
Ligands for retinoid X receptors (RXRs), "rexinoids", are attracting interest as candidates for therapy of type 2 diabetes and Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. However, current screening methods for rexinoids are slow and require special apparatus or facilities. Here, we created 7-hydroxy-2-oxo-6-(3,5,5,8,8-pentamethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalen-2-yl)-2H-chromene-3-carboxylic acid (10, CU-6PMN) as a new fluorescent RXR agonist and developed a screening system of rexinoids using 10. Compound 10 was designed based on the fact that umbelliferone emits strong fluorescence in a hydrophilic environment, but the fluorescence intensity decreases in hydrophobic environments such as the interior of proteins. The developed assay using 10 enabled screening of rexinoids to be performed easily within a few hours by monitoring changes of fluorescence intensity with widely available fluorescence microplate readers, without the need for processes such as filtration.
Total Synthesis of Palodesangren B Trimethyl Ether and D Dimethyl Ether via a Late-Stage Formation of 2<i>H</i>-Pyran-2-one of the Tetrahydrobenzo[<i>c</i>]pyranochromenone Core
steps from the tricyclic core, palodesangren B trimethyl ether and palodesangren D dimethyl ether could be synthesized in 29 and 18% overall yields, respectively. A reaction sequence comprising the regioselective MgCl2-mediated Casnati-Skattebøl ortho-formylation of phenol, Wittig methylenation, acryloylation, and Ru(II)-catalyzed ring-closingmetathesis (RCM) led to the formation of the final 2H-pyran-2-one
The present invention provides C-glycoside derivatives and salts thereof, wherein B ring is bonded to A ring via —X— and A ring is directly bonded to the glucose residue, and it is usable as a Na
+
-glucose cotransporter inhibitor, especially for a therapeutic and/or preventive agent for diabetes such as insulin-dependent diabetes (type 1 diabetes) and insulin-independent diabetes (type 2 diabetes), as well as diabetes related diseases such as an insulin-resistant diseases and obesity.