Synthesis of Deuterium-Labeled Cryptophane-A and Investigation of Xe@Cryptophane Complexation Dynamics by 1D-EXSY NMR Experiments
摘要:
We present the synthesis of a series of deuterated cryptophanes 2-6 by a slightly modified procedure used for cryptophane-A. We show that for [Xe@cryptophane] complexes the use of variable-temperature one-dimensional 129Xe magnetization transfer (1D-EX-SY) allows the measurement of exchange rates. From these data the decomplexation activation energy Ea has been estimated to be 37.5+/-2 kJ mol(-1). The decomplexation activation enthalpy, deltaH(++) = 35.5+/-2 kJ mol(-1), and entropy, deltaS(++) = -60+/-5 J mol(-1) K(-1), have also been calculated. The calculated negative activation entropy suggests that the activated complex associated with decomplexation is conformationally more strained than the complex in its ground state.
Synthesis of Deuterium-Labeled Cryptophane-A and Investigation of Xe@Cryptophane Complexation Dynamics by 1D-EXSY NMR Experiments
摘要:
We present the synthesis of a series of deuterated cryptophanes 2-6 by a slightly modified procedure used for cryptophane-A. We show that for [Xe@cryptophane] complexes the use of variable-temperature one-dimensional 129Xe magnetization transfer (1D-EX-SY) allows the measurement of exchange rates. From these data the decomplexation activation energy Ea has been estimated to be 37.5+/-2 kJ mol(-1). The decomplexation activation enthalpy, deltaH(++) = 35.5+/-2 kJ mol(-1), and entropy, deltaS(++) = -60+/-5 J mol(-1) K(-1), have also been calculated. The calculated negative activation entropy suggests that the activated complex associated with decomplexation is conformationally more strained than the complex in its ground state.
The new bis-cryptophanes 7–9 were prepared from cryptophanols 1–3 and illustrate the synthetic possibilities offered by the latter for the design of new host systems featuring the preparation of large supramolecular receptors and new polycryptophane bio-sensors for NMR imaging. Hosts 1–3 were obtained from the monoprotected cryptophanes 4–6 following a multi-step strategy. The complexation of xenon by the dissymmetrical bis-cryptophane 8 was studied by 129Xe NMR spectroscopy. At low temperature, a strong discrimination (Δδ = 1.16 ppm) of the encapsulated xenon guests inside the two cryptophane cavities was observed. The kinetic parameters for the complexation process were determined from 1D-EXSY 129Xe NMR experiments. The activation energy Ea = 39.0 ± 3 kJ mol−1 and associated parameters ΔH≠ = 37.0 ± 3 kJ mol−1 and ΔS≠ = −46.0 ± 10 kJ mol−1 K−1 are in agreement with the values determined for cryptophane-A and [D27]-cryptophane-A.
Cryptophanols, new versatile compounds for the synthesis of functionalized cryptophanes and polycryptophanesElectronic supplementary information (ESI) available: experimental details for compounds 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 14. See http://www.rsc.org/suppdata/cc/b1/b109301k/
After deprotection with a palladium catalyst, mono-allylated cryptophane-A (1, 2) and cryptophane-E (3) gave the new cryptophanols 4, 5 and 6, respectively, which are important key compounds for the preparation of mono-functionalized cryptophanes as well as for the design of large supramolecular hosts such as the bis-cryptophanes 7 and 8.
We present the synthesis of a series of deuterated cryptophanes 2-6 by a slightly modified procedure used for cryptophane-A. We show that for [Xe@cryptophane] complexes the use of variable-temperature one-dimensional 129Xe magnetization transfer (1D-EX-SY) allows the measurement of exchange rates. From these data the decomplexation activation energy Ea has been estimated to be 37.5+/-2 kJ mol(-1). The decomplexation activation enthalpy, deltaH(++) = 35.5+/-2 kJ mol(-1), and entropy, deltaS(++) = -60+/-5 J mol(-1) K(-1), have also been calculated. The calculated negative activation entropy suggests that the activated complex associated with decomplexation is conformationally more strained than the complex in its ground state.