4, 4' DISUBSTITUTED 4H-CYCLOPENTADITHIOPHENE AND NEW METHODS FOR SYNTHESISING THE SAME
申请人:Vanderzande Dirk
公开号:US20110313175A1
公开(公告)日:2011-12-22
The present preferred embodiments relate to a method for the synthesis of a compound having the following general formula:
the method comprising the step of reacting, in presence of a diprotic acid having a negative pKa, a compound having the general formula:
wherein R
1
and R
2
are organic groups and wherein X and Y are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, chloro, bromo, iodo, boronic acid, boronate esters, borane, pseudohalogen and organotin. It further relates to compounds so obtained and to compounds resulting from the ring closure of compound (II).
Facile, green, and functional group-tolerant reductions of carboxylic acids…in, or with, water
作者:Karthik S. Iyer、Chandler Nelson、Bruce H. Lipshutz
DOI:10.1039/d3gc00517h
日期:——
Facilereductions of carboxylic acids to aldehydes or alcohols can be effected under mild conditions upon initial conversion to their corresponding S-2-pyridyl thioesters. Upon treatment with a commercially available and air-stable nickel pre-catalyst and silane as a stoichiometric reductant, aldehydes are formed in moderate to good yields. Alternatively, the 1-pot conversion of acids to their thioester
Development and characterization of improved β-lactone-based anti-virulence drugs targeting ClpP
作者:Evelyn Zeiler、Vadim S. Korotkov、Katrin Lorenz-Baath、Thomas Böttcher、Stephan A. Sieber
DOI:10.1016/j.bmc.2011.07.047
日期:2012.1
Here, we report the synthesis and in depth characterization of a second generation B-lactone derived virulence inhibitors. Based on initial results that emphasized the intriguing possibility to disarm bacteria in their virulence the present study develops this concept further and analyses the potential of this strategy for drug development. We were able to expand the collection of bioactive compounds via an efficient synthetic route. Testing of all compounds revealed several hits with anti-virulence activity. Moreover, we demonstrated that these molecules act solely by reducing virulence but not killing bacteria which is an important prerequisite for preserving the useful microbiome. Finally, incubation of lactones with eukaryotic cell lines indicated a tolerable cytotoxicity which is essential for entering animal studies. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Cyclization of 9-substituted decanoic acid derivatives to 9-decanolide and 9-decanolactam
作者:Marti Bartra、Jaume Vilarrasa
DOI:10.1021/jo00017a027
日期:1991.8
Several standard and some novel cyclization reactions have been applied to 9-substituted decanoic acids to establish which are the optimum procedrues for lactonization and lactamization at 80-degrees-C under identical high-dilution conditions. The methods of Galli-Mandolini and Kellogg (cyclization of 9-bromodecanoate ion), Gerlach (cyclization of S-2-pyridyl 9-hydroxydecanethioate in the presence of AgClO4), and Yamaguchi (activation of the carboxyl group as a mixed with anhydride) in the presence of an excess of DMAP appear to be the most useful for the preparation of the 10-membered lactone, phoracantolide I, under these conditions. Analogously, treatment of S-2-pyridyl 9-azidodecanethioate with Sn(SePh)3-afforded the best yield of the 10-membered lactam. The mixed anhydrides RCOOCOAr (Ar = 2,4,6-trichlorophenyl) are more reactive than thioesters RCOSPy (Py = 2-pyridyl) with benzyl alcohol or benzylamine; it is confirmed that the addition of DMAP activates the reaction of alcohols with mixed anhydrides much more than with pyridyl thioesters, while the addition of Ag+ strongly activates RCOSPy in relation to either RCOOCOAr or RCOOSO2Mes.