properties were obtained by conversion of methyl levulinate into methyl 4-alkoxypentanoates through reductive etherification with aliphatic alcohols. Among different bifunctional acid/metal catalysts best results were obtained with Pd on carbon bearing acid sites. The reaction occurred through the formation of an enol ether intermediate followed by hydrogenation. Pd in high-density planes was the active hydrogenation
通过将
乙酰丙酸甲酯通过脂族醇的还原醚化反应,将
乙酰丙酸甲酯转化为4-烷氧基
戊酸甲酯,可以得到具有非常好的表面张力和临界胶束浓度特性的
生物质表面活性剂。在不同的双功能酸/
金属催化剂中,
钯在含
碳酸位上获得了最佳结果。该反应通过形成烯醇醚中间体然后氢化而发生。高密度平面中的Pd是活性
氢化物质,发现最佳晶体尺寸约为10 nm。用
脂肪醇进行的还原性醚化作用扩展到了从
生物质中获得的其他脂肪族和环状酮和醛,