申请人:UNION CARBIDE CHEMICALS AND PLASTICS COMPANY INC.
(a New York corporation)
公开号:EP0367283A2
公开(公告)日:1990-05-09
Ethylene oxide (EO) adducts of di- ard tri-functional starters, such as, trimethylolpropane and glycerine, provide unexpected improvements in the "wet compression set" properties of high resilience (HR) urethane foams. Heretofore, wet set improvements have been achieved through the use of EO adducts of tetrols because of the high degree of crosslink density which these materials impart to a urethane polymeric composition. One commercial wet set additive, which is an EO adduct of pentaerythritol and diglycerine, is an effective wet set improver. Surprisingly, EO adducts of di- and tri-functional starters provide improvements in foam wet set properties, which are comparable to those obtained with such commercial wet set additive. Specifically, EO adducts of glycerine in the 500 to 10,000 molecular weight range yield foam wet set improvements equal to those of such commercial wet set additive at as low as 20 percent of the use level on an equivalent weight basis. Moreover, the EO adducts of glycerine yield foams having improved elongation properties and improved processing (stability) characteristics as compared to those observed with such commercial wet set additives. An EO adduct of glycerine having a number average MW of 1,000 is particularly useful in the invention.
二、三官能起始剂(如三羟甲基丙烷和甘油)的环氧乙烷(EO)加成物可为高回弹性(HR)聚氨酯泡沫的 "湿压缩永久变形 "特性带来意想不到的改善。在此之前,湿固性的改善是通过使用四羟基环氧乙烷加成物来实现的,因为这些材料能赋予聚氨酯聚合物组合物高度的交联密度。一种商用湿固添加剂是季戊四醇和二甘油的环氧乙烷加合物,它是一种有效的湿固改进剂。令人惊奇的是,二官能团和三官能团起泡剂的环氧乙烷加合物可改善泡沫的湿固特性,其效果与使用此类商用湿固添加剂所获得的效果相当。具体来说,分子量范围在 500 到 10,000 之间的甘油环氧乙烷加合物,在同等重量的基础上,只要使用量低至 20%,就能改善泡沫的湿固性,与这种商用湿固添加剂的改善效果相当。此外,甘油的环氧乙烷加合物产生的泡沫与使用此类商用湿定添加剂观察到的泡沫相比,具有更好的伸长特性和更好的加工(稳定性)特性。平均分子量为 1,000 的甘油环氧乙烷加合物在本发明中特别有用。