Synthesis of (E)-8-(3-Chlorostyryl)caffeine Analogues Leading to 9-Deazaxanthine Derivatives as Dual A2A Antagonists/MAO-B Inhibitors
摘要:
A systematic modification of the caffeinyl core and substituents of the reference compound (E)-8-(3-chlorostyryl)caffeine led to the 9-deazaxanthine derivative (E)-6-(4-chlorostyryl)-1,3,5,=trimethyl-1H-pyrrolo[3,2-d]pyrimidine-2,4-(3H,5H)-dione (17f), which acts as a dual human A(2a) antagonist/MAO-B inhibitor (K-i(A(2A)) = 260 nM; IC50(MAO-B) = 200 nM; IC50(MAO-A) = 10 mu M) and dose dependently counteracts haloperidol-induced catalepsy in mice from 30 mg/kg by the oral route. The compound is the best balanced A(2A) antagonist/MAO-B inhibitor reported to date, and it could be considered as a new lead in the field of anti-Parkinson's agents. A number of analogues of 17f were synthesized and qualitative SARs are discussed. Two analogues of 17f, namely 18b and 19a, inhibit MAO-B with IC50 of 68 and 48 nM, respectively, being 5-7-fold more potent than the prototypical MAO-B inhibitor deprenyl (IC50 = 334 nM).
cross-dehydrogenative coupling (CDC) reaction is an efficient strategy for indole synthesis. However, most CDC methods require special substrates, and the presence of inherent groups limits the versatility for further transformation. A carboxylic acid-promoted aerobic catalytic system is developed herein for a single-step synthesis of indoles from simple anilines and ketones. This versatile system is featured
Synthesis of Indole-2-carboxylate Derivatives via Palladium-Catalyzed Aerobic Amination of Aryl C–H Bonds
作者:Kyle Clagg、Haiyun Hou、Adam B. Weinstein、David Russell、Shannon S. Stahl、Stefan G. Koenig
DOI:10.1021/acs.orglett.6b01592
日期:2016.8.5
A direct oxidative C–H amination affording 1-acetyl indolecarboxylates starting from 2-acetamido-3-arylacrylates has been achieved. Indole-2-carboxylates can be targeted with a straightforward deacetylation of the initial reaction products. The C–H amination reaction is carried out using a catalytic Pd(II) source with oxygen as the terminal oxidant. The scope and application of this chemistry is demonstrated
ZrCl<sub>4</sub>-promoted facile synthesis of indole derivatives
作者:J. Tummatorn、M. P. Gleeson、S. Krajangsri、C. Thongsornkleeb、S. Ruchirawat
DOI:10.1039/c4ra02158d
日期:——
Zirconium(iv) chloride effectively activates nitrogen (N2) extrusion from aryl azidoacrylates followed by annulation to provide the desired indole products in moderate to good yields.
N-Benzylindole-2-carboxylic acids: potent functional antagonists of the CCR2b chemokine receptor
作者:Jason G. Kettle、Alan W. Faull、Andy J. Barker、D.Huw Davies、Michael A. Stone
DOI:10.1016/j.bmcl.2003.10.049
日期:2004.1
Screening of the corporate database led to the discovery of a novel series of N-benzylindole-2-carboxylic acid CCR2b chemokine receptor antagonists. These compounds demonstrate high affinity and functional inhibition of the CCR2b receptor. A discussion of the structure-activity relationships is presented, together with evidence for a highly selective receptor binding profile. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.