AbstractMental illnesses are one of the most relevant health problems today, among which Alzheimer’s disease (AD) stands out. This is a severe disease that entails different alterations such as chronic cognitive impairment. Commercial therapy drugs have not had the expected success due to their notable and rapid pharmacological efficacy reduction, therefore, we aimed to find new compounds capable of stopping the progression of this disease by cholinesterase inhibition. We synthesized and evaluated nine new racemic compounds (two precursors and their corresponding pyrrolo[2,1-a]isoindol-5-ones with different substituents) derived from phenylglycine as potential acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. Three of them (rac-4, rac-5, and rac-6) showed good enzyme inhibition (Ki 117.5, 90.62, and 77.30 µM, respectively), with a pattern of competitive inhibition type supported by in silico and in vitro experiments, being the rac-6 derivative the best inhibitor. The structural analysis showed that the presence of the ethyl ester group in the structure favors inhibition, likewise, the presence of double bonds increases the affinity of the inhibitor for the enzyme, so these new pyrrolo[2,1-a]isoindol-5-ones derivatives might be helpful for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease.
摘要 精神疾病是当今最重要的健康问题之一,其中阿尔茨海默氏病(AD)尤为突出。阿尔茨海默病是一种严重的疾病,会导致不同程度的改变,如慢性认知障碍。由于商业治疗药物的药效降低明显且迅速,并没有取得预期的成功,因此,我们的目标是找到能够通过抑制胆碱酯酶阻止这种疾病恶化的新化合物。我们合成并评估了九种新的外消旋化合物(两种前体及其相应的具有不同取代基的吡咯并[2,1-a]异吲哚-5-酮),它们来自苯甘氨酸,是潜在的乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制剂。其中三种衍生物(rac-4、rac-5 和 rac-6)显示出良好的酶抑制作用(Ki 分别为 117.5、90.62 和 77.30 µM),其竞争性抑制模式得到了硅学和体外实验的支持,其中 rac-6 衍生物是最佳抑制剂。结构分析表明,结构中乙酯基团的存在有利于抑制作用,同样,双键的存在也会增加抑制剂对酶的亲和力,因此这些新的吡咯并[2,1-a]异吲哚-5-酮衍生物可能有助于治疗阿尔茨海默病。