L-isoleucine allyl ester | 88224-04-8

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 有机酸及其衍生物 - 羧酸及其衍生物
• 英文名称: L-isoleucine allyl ester
• 英文别名: Isoleucine allyl ester；prop-2-enyl (2S,3S)-2-amino-3-methylpentanoate
• CAS: 88224-04-8
• 化学式: C₉H₁₇NO₂
• 分子量: 171.239
• InChiKey: UWOMPLIRJRVJDT-YUMQZZPRSA-N

物化性质

• 沸点：
  220.8±15.0 °C(Predicted)
• 密度：
  0.950±0.06 g/cm3(Predicted)

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  1.6
• 重原子数：
  12
• 可旋转键数：
  6
• 环数：
  0.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.67
• 拓扑面积：
  52.3
• 氢给体数：
  1
• 氢受体数：
  3

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  L-isoleucine allyl ester 在 bis-triphenylphosphine-palladium(II) chloride 、 sodium hydroxide 、 2,4,6-三氯苯甲酰氯 、 三正丁基氢锡 、 lithium perchlorate 、 三乙胺 、 N,N-二异丙基乙胺 作用下， 以 四氢呋喃 、 甲醇 、 二氯甲烷 、 甲苯 、 乙腈 为溶剂， 反应 56.0h， 生成 (2S,3S)-2-[[(7R,8S)-8-[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy-4-[(1S)-1-[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxyethyl]-2-(9H-fluoren-9-ylmethoxycarbonyl)-7,8-dihydroquinolin-7-yl]amino]-3-methylpentanoic acid
  参考文献：
  名称：

  硫代链霉菌素的全合成，第2部分：奎宁酸大环的构建及合成的最后阶段。

  摘要：

  DOI：

  10.1002/anie.200461341
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  L-异亮氨酸 、 烯丙醇 在 硫酸 作用下， 反应 18.0h， 以58%的产率得到L-isoleucine allyl ester
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Asymmetric induction reactions. V. The palladium-catalyzed asymmetric .alpha.-allylation of carbonyl compounds with chiral allyl esters via enamines and imines

  摘要：

  A novel and excellent method for asymmetric alpha-allylation of carbonyl compounds via their chiral enamines or imines bearing allyl eaters has been developed. Readily available chiral allyl eaters having chirality at the alpha-position of the eater carbonyl group, such as (S)-proline and other (S)-alpha-amino acid allyl esters, have been found to serve as good asymmetric allylating reagents in palladium-catalyzed reactions of the chiral enamines and imines derived from them. The use of (S)-proline or (S)-valine allyl esters as the amino parts in the enamines or imines provided the highest optical yields of the corresponding alpha-allyl carbonyl compounds. A mechanism for asymmetric induction is proposed based on the stereochemical results obtained.

  DOI：

  10.1021/jo00080a033

文献信息

• Orthogonal Protecting Groups in the Synthesis of Tryptophanyl-Hexahydropyrroloindoles
  作者：Pau Ruiz-Sanchis、Svetlana A. Savina、Gerardo A. Acosta、Fernando Albericio、Mercedes Álvarez

  DOI：10.1002/ejoc.201101057

  日期：2012.1

  The synthesis of various polycyclic systems containing aC3a–Ni bond between a hexahydropyrrolo[2,3-b]indole and an indole tryptophan is described here. A series of experiments were performed to determine the best combination of five orthogonal protecting groups and the best reaction conditions for formation of said bond, which is a common feature among many recently discovered marine natural products

  此处描述了在六氢吡咯并 [2,3-b] 吲哚和吲哚色氨酸之间包含 aC3a-Ni 键的各种多环系统的合成。进行了一系列实验以确定五个正交保护基团的最佳组合和形成所述键的最佳反应条件，这是许多最近发现的海洋天然产物的共同特征。
• Dipeptides as Effective Prodrugs of the Unnatural Amino Acid (+)-2-Aminobicyclo[3.1.0]hexane-2,6-dicarboxylic Acid (LY354740), a Selective Group II Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor Agonist
  作者：Ana Belén Bueno、Iván Collado、Alfonso de Dios、Carmen Domínguez、José Alfredo Martín、Luisa M. Martín、María Angeles Martínez-Grau、Carlos Montero、Concepción Pedregal、John Catlow、D. Scott Coffey、Michael P. Clay、Anne H. Dantzig、Terry Lindstrom、James A. Monn、Haiyan Jiang、Darryle D. Schoepp、Robert E. Stratford、Linda B. Tabas、Joseph P. Tizzano、Rebecca A. Wright、Marc F. Herin

  DOI：10.1021/jm050235r

  日期：2005.8.1

  (+)-2-Aminobicyclo[3.1.0]hexane-2,6-dicarboxylic acid (1), also known as LY354740, is a highly potent and selective agonist for group II metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGlu receptors 2 and 3) tested in clinical trials. It has been shown to block anxiety in the fear-potentiated startle model. Its relatively low bioavailability in different animal species drove the need for an effective prodrug form that would produce a therapeutic response at lower doses for the treatment of anxiety disorders. We have investigated the increase of intestinal absorption of this compound by targeting the human peptide transporter hPepT1 for active transport of di- and tripeptides derived from 1. We have found that oral administration of an N dipeptide derivative of 1 (12a) in rats shows up to an 8-fold increase in drug absorption and a 300-fold increase in potency in the fear-potentiated startle model in rats when compared with the parent drug 1.

  (+)–2–氨基双环[3.1.0]己烷–2,6–二羧酸（1），也称为LY354740，是一种在临床试验中被测试的高度有效和选择性的组II metabotropic 谷氨酸受体（mGlu 受体2和3）激动剂。它已被证明可以阻止恐惧增强型惊跳模型中的焦虑。由于该化合物在不同动物物种中相对较低的生物利用度，因此需要一种有效的前药形式，以在较低剂量下产生治疗反应，用于治疗焦虑症。我们研究了通过靶向人类肽转运蛋白hPepT1主动运输来源于1的二肽和三肽，从而增加该化合物的肠道吸收。我们发现，与母体药物1相比，向大鼠口服给予1的N二肽衍生物（12a）表现出高达8倍的药物吸收增加，并且在大鼠的恐惧增强型惊跳模型中表现出300倍的效力增加。
• Efficient Amide Bond Formation through a Rapid and Strong Activation of Carboxylic Acids in a Microflow Reactor
  作者：Shinichiro Fuse、Yuto Mifune、Takashi Takahashi

  DOI：10.1002/anie.201307987

  日期：2014.1.13

  The development of highly efficient amide bond forming methods which are devoid of side reactions, including epimerization, is important, and such a method is described herein and is based on the concept of rapid and strong activation of carboxylic acids. Various carboxylic acids are rapidly (0.5 s) converted into highly active species, derived from the inexpensive and less‐toxic solid triphosgene

  开发没有副反应（包括差向异构化）的高效酰胺键形成方法很重要，本文描述了这种方法并且基于羧酸的快速和强活化的概念。各种羧酸快速（0.5 秒）转化为高活性物质，源自廉价且毒性较低的固体三光气，然后快速（4.3 秒）与各种胺反应以高产率（74 %-定量）提供所需的肽.) 没有明显的差向异构化 (≤3%)。我们的工艺可以在环境温度下进行，并且只有 CO 2生成二异丙基乙胺的盐酸盐。在肽合成的悠久历史中，大量的活性偶联剂已被废弃，因为生成的高活性亲电子物质通常容易发生副反应，例如差向异构化。这里提出的概念应该重新引起人们对使用这些试剂的兴趣。
• Solid-Phase Syntheses of Olefin-Containing Inhibitors for HTLV-1 Protease Using the Horner−Emmons Reaction
  作者：Jeong Kyu Bang、Hiromi Naka、Kenta Teruya、Saburo Aimoto、Hiroyuki Konno、Kazuto Nosaka、Tadashi Tatsumi、Kenichi Akaji

  DOI：10.1021/jo051872s

  日期：2005.12.1

  The solid-phase Horner−Emmons reaction was successfully applied for the convenient syntheses of olefin-containing protease inhibitors. The isomerization during the solid-phase Horner−Emmons reaction can be minimized simply by the use of an appropriate amount of the base. The synthesized olefin peptides, which have an olefin γ-amino acid at the scissile site, were found to act as effective inhibitors

  固相霍纳-埃蒙斯反应已成功地用于含烯烃蛋白酶抑制剂的方便合成。固相Horner-Emmons反应过程中的异构化可以通过简单地使用适量的碱来最小化。发现在易裂位点具有烯烃γ-氨基酸的合成的烯烃肽首次充当HTLV-1蛋白酶的有效抑制剂。
• Total synthesis and stereochemistry assignment of 15-membered peptide alkaloids abyssenine B and mucronine E
  作者：Jing Wang、Lutz Schaeffler、Gang He、Dawei Ma

  DOI：10.1016/j.tetlet.2007.07.142

  日期：2007.9

  The total synthesis of 15-membered peptide alkaloids abyssenine B and mucronine E was accomplished via olefination of phenylalanine-embodied aldehydes followed by CuI/N,N-dimethylglycine-catalyzed coupling of vinyl iodides with amides and FDPP-mediated macrocyclization in the key steps. From the total synthesis the stereochemistry of these two natural products was tentatively assigned to be S,S,S.

  15员肽生物碱Asssenine B和mucronine E的总合成是通过苯丙氨酸键合的醛的烯化，然后CuI / N，N-二甲基甘氨酸催化的乙烯基碘与酰胺的偶联以及FDPP介导的大环化来完成的。从全合成中，这两种天然产物的立体化学暂定为S，S，S。