Transesterification catalyzed by iron(III) β-diketonate species
摘要:
A practical and clean protocol for transesterification catalyzed by a 5 mol % cheap, non-toxic and moisture stable Fe(acac)(3) or other iron(III) beta-diketonate species in solvent, such as heptane under azeotropic condition is developed. A remarkable rate enhancement was observed upon the addition of 5 mol % of an inorganic base, such as Na2CO3, which suggests that faster formation of a dimeric mu-alkoxy-bridged iron (III) species under alkaline conditions facilitates catalytic turnover. This system provides smooth transesterification over a wide range of structurally diverse esters and alcohols without disturbing functional groups. In addition, the use of iron beta-diketonate complexes as catalysts is more environmentally friendly, safer, and economical than other transition-metal catalysts. Preliminary mechanistic studies indicate that the active catalyst is likely a dimeric mu-alkoxy-bridged iron(III) species, as determined by X-ray crystallography of [Fe(dbm)(2)(O-n-Bu)](2) derived from the alcoholysis of Fe(dbm)(3) under alkaline conditions. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Transesterification catalyzed by iron(III) β-diketonate species
作者:Shiue-Shien Weng、Chih-Shueh Ke、Fong-Kuang Chen、You-Fu Lyu、Guan-Ying Lin
DOI:10.1016/j.tet.2011.01.009
日期:2011.3
A practical and clean protocol for transesterification catalyzed by a 5 mol % cheap, non-toxic and moisture stable Fe(acac)(3) or other iron(III) beta-diketonate species in solvent, such as heptane under azeotropic condition is developed. A remarkable rate enhancement was observed upon the addition of 5 mol % of an inorganic base, such as Na2CO3, which suggests that faster formation of a dimeric mu-alkoxy-bridged iron (III) species under alkaline conditions facilitates catalytic turnover. This system provides smooth transesterification over a wide range of structurally diverse esters and alcohols without disturbing functional groups. In addition, the use of iron beta-diketonate complexes as catalysts is more environmentally friendly, safer, and economical than other transition-metal catalysts. Preliminary mechanistic studies indicate that the active catalyst is likely a dimeric mu-alkoxy-bridged iron(III) species, as determined by X-ray crystallography of [Fe(dbm)(2)(O-n-Bu)](2) derived from the alcoholysis of Fe(dbm)(3) under alkaline conditions. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.