Synthesis and characterization of potential antitumour and antiviral gallium(III) complexes of N-heterocycles
作者:F. Kratz、B. Nuber、J. Weiß、B.K. Keppler
DOI:10.1016/s0277-5387(00)83206-4
日期:1992.1
Ten water-soluble gallium(III) complexes of N-heterocycles were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, conductivity measurements, IR spectroscopy, H-1 NMR spectroscopy and optical activity measurements. Raman spectra were measured with two complexes and an X-ray single-crystal study performed with one complex-trans-dichlorotetrakis-(5-methylpyrazole)gallium(III)tetrachlorogallate(III). The gallium(III) complexes had the general formulae: [L4GaCl2]GaCl4 (L = ligand) (L = indazole, 1,2,3-benzotriazole, pyrazole, 5-methylpyrazole, 4-methylpyrazole), having a trans-octahedral structure (symmetry C(i)), [L4GaCl2]Cl (L = imidazole, benzimidazole), also with a trans-octahedral configuration, and LGaCl2 (L = 2-alpha-oxybenzylbenzimidazolato (HBB) and the respective enantiomers D(-)-HBB and L(+)-HBB) having a tetrahedral structure.So far, eight gallium(III) complexes have been tested in the in vitro anti-HIV test (HIV = human immunodeficiency virus) of the National Cancer Institute (NCI) in the U.S.A., and four of these were found to be moderately active: trans-dichlorotetrakis(5-methylpyrazole)gallium(III) tetrachlorogallate(III), trans-dichlorotetrakis-(4-methylpyrazole)gallium(III)tetrachlorogallate(III), dichloro-(2-alpha-oxybenzylbenzimidazolato-N,O) gallium (III) and trans-dichlorotetrakis(benzimidazole)gallium(III) chloride, the latter exhibiting the highest therapeutic index (TI) of 77. For comparison, the therapeutic index for 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine (AZT) ranges from TI = 1000 to 4000.