Enantioselective Capture and Retroracemization of (1-Bromoalkyl)boronic Esters by an N-Propanoyloxazolidinone Enolate and Iodide Ion
作者:Donald S. Matteson、Hon-Wah Man
DOI:10.1021/jo00098a036
日期:1994.9
Lithium enolates of N-propanoyloxazolidinones react with (1-bromoethyl)boronic esters to form predominantly threo-2-methyl-3-borylbutanoic acid derivatives. The reaction of enantiomerically pure oxazolidinone enolate 2 with excess racemic (1-bromoethyl)boronic ester rac-3a produced a single isolable product 4a in high diastereomeric and enantiomeric purity. Iodide catalysts resulted in racemization of any excess of ent-3a back to rac-3a so that both enantiomers were utilized via 3a (hence, ''retroracemization'') in the presence of 1 equiv of 2 to produce 4a, again in high purity and yield. The (1-bromoethyl)boronic ester rac-3b underwent similar retroracemization, though less efficiently. (Haloalkyl)boronic esters of much higher or lower reactivity did not undergo useful Im an attempt to direct the reaction to produce erythro isomer, 2 was paired with (1-bromoethyl)boronic ester 10, but the predominant product remained the threo isomer. The enantiomeric composition of this threo product was subsequently called into question by the observation that (1-bromopentyl)boronic ester 13 epimerizes readily to 14 and that both 13 and 14 with the lithium enolate of tert-butyl propanoate. This result contrasts sharply to the previously reported grossly differing behaviors of diastereomeric pairs of (1-chloroalkyl)boronic esters toward Grignard reagents and provides a warning that the previously reported reactions of (1-bromoalkyl)boronic esters with carboxylic ester enolates do not necessarily lead to good enantiomeric purities.