methyl 2-methyloctanoate | 2177-86-8

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 脂质和类脂质分子 - 脂肪酰基
• 英文名称: methyl 2-methyloctanoate
• CAS: 2177-86-8
• 化学式: C₁₀H₂₀O₂
• mdl: MFCD00506491
• 分子量: 172.268
• InChiKey: PUTZZJOMRXPKCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N

物化性质

• 沸点：
  70-71 °C
• 密度：
  0.8641 g/cm3
• 保留指数：
  1150.3

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  3.7
• 重原子数：
  12
• 可旋转键数：
  7
• 环数：
  0.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.9
• 拓扑面积：
  26.3
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  2

安全信息

• 海关编码：
  2915900090

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  methyl 2-methyloctanoate 在 lithium aluminium tetrahydride 、 pyridinium chlorochromate 作用下， 以 四氢呋喃 、 二氯甲烷 为溶剂， 反应 2.0h， 生成 2-甲基辛醛
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Potent Anandamide Analogs:  The Effect of Changing the Length and Branching of the End Pentyl Chain

  摘要：

  To examine the effect of changing the length and branching of the end pentyl chain (C5H11) of anandamide (AN), various analogs 1a-h and 2a-f were synthesized from either the known aldehyde ester 6a or from the alcohol 6b and tested for their pharmacological activity. A reproducible procedure was developed for the conversion of arachidonic acid to 6a or 6b in gram quantities (overall yield 15%). The appropriate tetraene esters 7 were prepared by carrying out a Wittig reaction, between 6a and the ylide generated from the phosphonium salt of the appropriate alkyl halide or between the ylide of 6d (prepared from 6a --> 6b --> 6c --> 6d) and the appropriate alkyl aldehydes. They were then hydrolyzed to the corresponding acids and transformed into AN analogs 1 via their acid chlorides then treated with excess ethanolamine. alpha-Alkylation of esters 7 gave compounds 8 which were hydrolyzed to the corresponding acids. These acids via their acid chlorides and subsequent treatment with excess fluoroethylamine gave the target compounds 2. In this way analogs 1e and 2a-c were synthesized from 6d while all the remaining analogs were prepared from 6a. In order to assess the optimal length of the alkyl terminus, analogs 1a-d were prepared and showed moderately high affinities (18-55 nM). However analogs 1a-c failed to produce significant pharmacological effects at doses up to 30 mg/kg. Analog 1d was found to be a weak partial agonist. The reason for the lack of activity in 1a-c is presently not clear. Like the THCs, the branching of the end pentyl chain in AN (1e-h) increased potency both in in vitro and in vivo activities; the dimethylheptyl (DMH) analog 1e was the most potent in the series. Similar alkyl substitutions were carried out in the fluoro-2-methylanandamide series (2a-f), and all of these analogs had high receptor affinities (1-14 nM), the DMH analog 2a being the most potent. With a few exceptions they showed robust pharmacological effects, and AN-like profiles, It was shown that the SAR of the end pentyl chain in AN is very similar to that of THCs. However, the magnitude of enhanced potency observed when the side chain of THC was changed from straight to branched was not observed when the end chain of AN was similarly changed.

  DOI：

  10.1021/jm970212f
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  2-己基-2-甲基丙二酸二乙酯 在 硫酸 、 potassium hydroxide 作用下， 以 乙醇 、 水 为溶剂， 反应 10.0h， 生成 methyl 2-methyloctanoate
  参考文献：
  名称：

  一系列双甘油四醚模型脂质及其溶致组装中的结构-性质关系：分支拓扑和手性的影响†

  摘要：

  合成了三种具有一条跨膜链的新型二甘油四醚脂质。这些脂质在疏水链的选定位置仅包含两个或四个外消旋甲基分支，这与来自具有类异戊二烯取代模式的古细菌膜的天然脂质相反。甲基部分的插入是从任一（RS）-香茅基溴化物或廉价的甲基丙二酸乙酯。对于链延长，使用Cu催化的格氏试剂偶联反应。甘油二醚的制备通过通过Grubbs复分解缩合合适的封闭单甘油二醚或通过跨膜C32链与封闭甘油的反应进行，然后进行进一步的烷基化步骤来进行。最后，我们可以证明所得的脂质可以形成与光学纯的脂质相当的闭合脂质囊泡。因此，与来自古细菌膜的天然脂质相比，这些简单得多的脂质也适用于制备稳定的定制脂质体。

  DOI：

  10.1039/c4ob00048j

文献信息

• Parameters Influencing Reactivity and Regioselectivity in the Methoxycarbonylation of Arylalkenes
  作者：Barend Bezuidenhoudt、Maretha du Plessis、Charlene Marais

  DOI：10.1055/s-0035-1560912

  日期：——

  hydroformylation and hydroesterification reactions. However, little is known in this regard about the influence of the steric and electronic environment around the double bond of the substrate. A variety of arylalkenes were therefore subjected to methoxycarbonylation to investigate the steric and electronic effects of substituents on the aromatic ring of the substrate on the regioselectivity and reactivity in the

  摘要 先前的研究表明，配体的空间体积，电子性质和咬合角对加氢甲酰化和加氢酯化反应的催化剂活性和区域选择性都有影响。然而，在这方面，关于衬底的双键周围的空间和电子环境的影响知之甚少。因此，对各种芳基烯烃进行甲氧基羰基化反应，以研究底物芳环上取代基的空间和电子效应，这些底物与Pd（II）/ Al（OTf）3 /的甲氧基羰基化反应的区域选择性和反应性。Ph 3 P催化剂体系。 先前的研究表明，配体的空间体积，电子性质和咬合角对加氢甲酰化和加氢酯化反应的催化剂活性和区域选择性都有影响。然而，在这方面，关于衬底的双键周围的空间和电子环境的影响知之甚少。因此，对各种芳基烯烃进行甲氧基羰基化反应，以研究底物芳环上取代基的空间和电子效应，这些底物与Pd（II）/ Al（OTf）3 /的甲氧基羰基化反应的区域选择性和反应性。Ph 3 P催化剂体系。
• An Empirical Study of Phosphine Ligands for the Methoxycarbonylation of Medium-Chain Alkenes
  作者：Cedric Holzapfel、Tyler Bredenkamp

  DOI：10.1002/cctc.201500464

  日期：2015.9.1

  The methoxycarbonylation reaction provides a route to the synthesis of esters from medium‐chain alkenes that may be used as fuel supplements. However, the known productive catalytic systems are expensive and/or unstable at elevated temperatures. Most of the data available on the methoxycarbonylation of alkenes is derived from ethylene and styrene as substrates. To broaden the scope, we conducted a

  甲氧基羰基化反应提供了从中链烯烃合成酯的途径，可用作燃料补充剂。然而，已知的生产性催化体系昂贵且/或在升高的温度下不稳定。关于烯烃的甲氧基羰基化的大多数可用数据来源于乙烯和苯乙烯作为底物。为了扩大范围，我们在可比的条件下对1-辛烯的甲氧基羰基化进行了一系列膦配体的比较研究。结果表明，许多配体结构基序有效地促进了该过程。此外，提出了烯烃异构化的关键重要性以及酸/配体和Pd /配体的比例。
• Model of selectivity to methyl pelargonate in hydrocarbomethoxylation of 1-octene in the presence of the Pd(PPh3)2Cl2—PPh3—p-toluenesulfonic acid catalytic system
  作者：S. A. Batashev、N. T. Sevostyanova

  DOI：10.1007/s11172-020-2935-z

  日期：2020.8

  selectivity to methyl pelargonate was developed for the hydrocarbomethoxylation of 1-octene catalyzed by the Pd(PPh3)2Cl2—PPh3—p-toluenesulfonic acid system (378 K). The ratio of the rate of methyl pelargonate formation to the sum of the rates of formation of three isomeric esters (reaction products) was accepted as the differential selectivity of the reaction. The model represents a system of equations relating

  建立了壬酸甲酯选择性模型，用于 Pd(PPh3)2Cl2-PPh3-对甲苯磺酸体系 (378 K) 催化的 1-辛烯烃甲氧基化反应。壬酸甲酯形成速率与三种异构酯（反应产物）形成速率之和的比率被认为是反应的差异选择性。该模型表示将反应的差异选择性与 CO 压力和甲醇、PPh3 和对甲苯磺酸的浓度相关联的方程系统。该模型充分描述了高达 95.5% 的各种 1-辛烯转化率的实验数据。使用1-辛烯的烃甲氧基化的氢化物多路线机制证实了反应选择性变化的规律。
• A general platinum-catalyzed alkoxycarbonylation of olefins
  作者：Ji Yang、Jiawang Liu、Yao Ge、Weiheng Huang、Carolin Schneider、Ricarda Dühren、Robert Franke、Helfried Neumann、Ralf Jackstell、Matthias Beller

  DOI：10.1039/d0cc00650e

  日期：——

  Hydroxy- and alkoxycarbonylation reactions constitute important industrial processes in homogeneous catalysis. Nowadays, palladium complexes constitute state-of-the-art catalysts for these transformations. Herein, we report the first efficient platinum-catalysed alkoxycarbonylations of olefins including sterically hindered and functionalized ones. This atom-efficient catalytic transformation provides

  羟基和烷氧羰基化反应在均相催化中构成重要的工业过程。如今，钯配合物构成了这些转化的最新催化剂。本文中，我们报道了第一个有效的铂催化烯烃的烷氧基羰基化反应，包括空间受阻和官能化的烯烃。这种原子效率高的催化转化可直接获得各种有价值的酯，收率好至极好，而且通常具有很高的选择性。在动力学实验中，比较了基于Pd和Pt的催化剂的活性。即使在低催化剂负载下，Pt仍显示出高催化活性。
• MONOPHOSPHINE COMPOUNDS AND PALLADIUM CATALYSTS BASED THEREON FOR THE ALKOXYCARBONYLATION OF ETHYLENICALLY UNSATURATED COMPOUNDS
  申请人：EVONIK DEGUSSA GMBH

  公开号：US20170022139A1

  公开（公告）日：2017-01-26

  The invention relates to compounds of formula (I) where R 1 is selected from —(C 1 -C 12 )-alkyl, —(C 3 -C 12 )-cycloalkyl, —(C 3 -C 12 )-heterocycloalkyl; R 2 is selected from —(C 3 -C 12 )-heterocycloalkyl, —(C 6 -C 20 )-aryl, —(C 3 -C 20 )-heteroaryl; R 3 is —(C 3 -C 20 )-heteroaryl; and R 1 , R 2 and R 3 may each independently be substituted by one or more substituents selected from —(C 1 -C 12 )-alkyl, —(C 3 -C 12 )-cycloalkyl, —(C 3 -C 12 )-heterocycloalkyl, —O—(C 1 -C 12 )-alkyl, —O—(C 1 -C 12 )-alkyl-(C 6 -C 20 )-aryl, —O—(C 3 -C 12 )-cycloalkyl, —S—(C 1 -C 12 )-alkyl, —S—(C 3 -C 12 )-cycloalkyl, —COO—(C 1 -C 12 )-alkyl, —COO—(C 3 -C 12 )-cycloalkyl, —CONH—(C 1 -C 12 )-alkyl, —CONH—(C 3 -C 12 )-cycloalkyl, —CO—(C 1 -C 12 )-alkyl, —COO—(C 3 -C 12 )-cycloalkyl, —N—[(C 1 -C 12 )-alkyl] 2 , —(C 6 -C 20 )-aryl, —(C 6 -C 20 )-aryl-(C 1 -C 12 )-alkyl, —(C 6 -C 20 )-aryl-O—(C 1 -C 12 )-alkyl, —(C 3 -C 20 )-heteroaryl, —(C 3 -C 20 )-heteroaryl-(C 1 -C 12 )-alkyl, —(C 3 -C 20 )-heteroaryl-O—(C 1 -C 12 )-alkyl, —COOH, —OH, —SO 3 H, —NH 2 , halogen. The invention further relates to Pd complexes comprising the compound according to the invention and to the use thereof in alkoxycarbonylation.

  这项发明涉及以下式(I)的化合物： 其中 R 1 从—(C 1 -C 12 )-烷基，—(C 3 -C 12 )-环烷基，—(C 3 -C 12 )-杂环烷基中选择； R 2 从—(C 3 -C 12 )-杂环烷基，—(C 6 -C 20 )-芳基，—(C 3 -C 20 )-杂芳基中选择； R 3 为—(C 3 -C 20 )-杂芳基； 而R 1 ，R 2 和R 3 可以各自独立地被来自以下取代基的一个或多个取代基所取代 —(C 1 -C 12 )-烷基，—(C 3 -C 12 )-环烷基，—(C 3 -C 12 )-杂环烷基，—O—(C 1 -C 12 )-烷基，—O—(C 1 -C 12 )-烷基-(C 6 -C 20 )-芳基，—O—(C 3 -C 12 )-环烷基，—S—(C 1 -C 12 )-烷基，—S—(C 3 -C 12 )-环烷基，—COO—(C 1 -C 12 )-烷基，—COO—(C 3 -C 12 )-环烷基，—CONH—(C 1 -C 12 )-烷基，—CONH—(C 3 -C 12 )-环烷基，—CO—(C 1 -C 12 )-烷基，—COO—(C 3 -C 12 )-环烷基，—N—[(C 1 -C 12 )-烷基] 2 ，—(C 6 -C 20 )-芳基，—(C 6 -C 20 )-芳基-(C 1 -C 12 )-烷基，—(C 6 -C 20 )-芳基-O—(C 1 -C 12 )-烷基，—(C 3 -C 20 )-杂芳基，—(C 3 -C 20 )-杂芳基-(C 1 -C 12 )-烷基，—(C 3 -C 20 )-杂芳基-O—(C 1 -C 12 )-烷基，—COOH，—OH，—SO 3 H，—NH 2 ，卤素。 该发明还涉及包括根据该发明的化合物的Pd络合物以及其在烷氧羰基化中的用途。

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