We have explored different aspects of the cyclization capability of alkoxymethyl radicals and report here a full account of our investigations. The required radicals were generated from (phenylseleno)methyl ethers (e.g., 6), which were prepared from homoallylic or bis-homoallylic alcohols by a two-step process. The alcohols were alkylated with (iodomethyl)tributylstannane. The stannanes were reacted with n-BuLi, and the resulting alpha-alkoxyanions were trapped with diphenyldiselenide to give the (phenylseleno)methyl ethers, which were stable to chromatography. When treated with tributyltin hydride, in the presence of a radical initiator, these precursors undergo a smooth cyclization to substituted tetrahydrofurans and tetrahydropyrans. Formation of the cyclization product was found to be the primary pathway even at relatively high tin hydride concentration. The diastereoselectivity of this cyclization was comparable to that observed in other radical cyclizations. The cis selectivity in cyclization of 6 increased gradually (up to 11:1) as the reaction temperature was lowered. The cyclization can be used for the synthesis of bicyclic and tricyclic compounds and can be incorporated in systems capable of tandem cyclizations.
Allylic alcohols were readily converted into allylic iodides by hydrogen iodide generated in situ from chlorotrimethylsilane/sodium iodide and water, or alcohols, under mild conditions. Displacement of allylic alcohols containing a terminal double bond gave allylic iodides accompanied by allylic rearrangement. This procedure has successfully been extended to a one-pot synthesis of homoallylic alcohols by carrying out successive Barbier type reactions.
Nickel-catalyzed efficient umpolung allylation of ketones with allyliccarbonates in the presence of zinc powder is developed, which accommodates a variety of allylic and ketone substrates. Although chiral ligand is necessary for the transformation, no enantioselectivity was observed. Nickel-catalyzed efficient umpolung allylation of ketones with allyliccarbonates in the presence of zinc powder is developed
A highly efficient addition of allylic bromides to carbonyl compounds promoted by Cp2TiCl2(cat.)/Zn system
作者:Yu Ding、Gang Zhao
DOI:10.1016/s0040-4039(00)74734-4
日期:1992.12
Aldehydes or ketones reacted with allylic bromides in the presence of Cp2TiCl2(cat.)/Zn system at room temperature to give homo-allylic alcohols in high yields.
The Barbier‐type allylation of aldehydes and ketones can be carried out with both unsubstituted and γ‐substituted allyl bromides using only a catalytic amount (0.1 equiv.) of In metal in [bmim][Br].
Allylation of Carbonyl Compounds by Allylic Acetates Using a Cobalt Halide as Catalyst
作者:Corinne Gosmini、Paulo Gomes、Jacques Périchon
DOI:10.1055/s-2003-40999
日期:——
In acetonitrile as solvent and in the presence of a simple cobalt halide as catalyst, the reduction by zinc dust of a mixture of aldehydes or ketones and allylic acetates affords the corresponding homoallylic alcohols in good yields.