The invention relates to novel fluorescent dyes based on the following pyrenyloxy sulfonamide structure:
wherein R
1
is a leash joined to the pyrenyloxy group via an ether link containing generally a reactive functional group such as, activated carbonate, activated ester, amino group, azide or alkyne for conjugation with biomolecules; R
2
and R
3
are hydrogen atoms, or short alkyl chains, or cyclic rings with or without heteroatoms such as nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, phosphorus. The spectral properties of the fluorescent dyes are sufficiently different in wave-lengths and intensity from fluorescein as to permit simultaneous use of fluorescein and/or more other fluorescent dyes with minimum interference and to avoid interference from endogenous green fluorescent protein in biological system. The dyes are non-ionic to facilitate their entry into cells for intracellular detection. The non-ionic structure also precludes undesired electrostatic reactions with ionic sites on biological components and structures. The dyes have bigger Stokes' shifts than other dyes with similar spectral properties allowing use of simpler, more efficient detection equipment, are not sensitive to pH, and have good solubility in aqueous solution.
本发明涉及基于以下pyrenyloxy磺酰胺结构的新型荧光
染料:其中,R1是通过醚键连接到pyrenyloxy基团的链,通常含有反应性功能团,如活化的
碳酸、活化的酯、
氨基、
叠氮或
炔烃,用于与
生物分子结合;R2和R3是氢原子,或短烷基链,或含有或不含有如氮、氧、
硫、
磷等杂原子的环状结构。这些荧光
染料的谱特性在波长和强度上与
荧光素足够不同,以至于可以同时使用
荧光素和/或更多其他荧光
染料,并且最小化干扰,并避免
生物系统内源性绿色荧光蛋白的干扰。这些
染料是非离子的,便于它们进入细胞进行细胞内检测。非离子结构还避免了与
生物成分和结构上的离子位点发生不希望的静电反应。这些
染料的斯托克斯位移比具有相似光谱特性的其他
染料要大,允许使用更简单、更高效的检测设备,对pH不敏感,在
水溶液中具有良好的溶解性。