Abstract Water was a suitable medium for Paal–Knorrpyrrole cyclocondensation. Hexa-2,5-dione was reacted with several aliphatic and aromatic primary amines, affording N-substituted 2,5-dimethyl pyrrole derivatives in good to excellent yields. An efficient, green method using water either as environmentally friendly solvent or catalyst was presented. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
A straightforward and solventless synthesis of pyrroles was developed by using mechanochemical activation and a biosourced organic acid as the catalyst. Relative to traditional Paal–Knorr methodologies, various N-substituted pyrroles were obtained in very short reaction times. By reaction with unreactive diketones, desymmetrized aliphatic and aromatic compounds were also synthesized.
通过使用机械化学活化和生物来源的有机酸作为催化剂,开发了一种简单且无溶剂的吡咯合成方法。相对于传统的 Paal-Knorr 方法,可以在很短的反应时间内获得各种 N 取代的吡咯。通过与不活泼的二酮反应,还合成了去对称的脂肪族和芳香族化合物。
Onion (Allium cepa L.) Extract: A Green and Eco-friendly Catalyst for MW-Assisted Solvent-Free Synthesis of Pyrroles via Paal–Knorr Reaction
作者:O. Marvi、S. Arshadi
DOI:10.1134/s1070428024030151
日期:2024.3
highly efficient method for onion extract-catalyzed microwave-assisted solvent- free synthesis of pyrroles via Paal–Knorr reaction with hexane-2,5-dione has been developed. This method is applicable to a wide range of aromatic, aliphatic, and heterocyclic primaryamines, and it affords various pyrrole derivatives in good to excellent yields (up to 98%) at 80°C. The use of onion extract as catalyst