carbocation has re-emerged as a highly efficient Lewisacidcatalyst for a variety of organic transformations. However, the goal of asymmetric carbocation catalysis has so far been out of reach mainly as a result of difficulties associated with the preparation of stable chiral carbocations. Here, we describe developments towards asymmetric carbocation catalysis based on the concept of chiral-anion-directed
Enantioselective catalysts based on the chiral fragment (η5-C5Me5)Ir(Prophos) for Diels–Alder reactions
作者:Daniel Carmona、Fernando Viguri、Ainara Asenjo、Fernando J. Lahoz、Pilar García-Orduña、Luis A. Oro
DOI:10.1016/j.molcata.2014.01.021
日期:2014.4
The aqua complex (S-Ir,R-C)-[(eta(5)-C5Me5)Ir(Prophos)(H2O)][SbF6](2) [Prophos = (R)-propane-1,2-diyl-bis(diphenylphosphane)] is an active precursor for the asymmetric Diels-Alder reaction of acyclic enals with cyclopentadiene, 2,3-dimethylbutadiene and isoprene. Enantioselectivities up to 78% ee are achieved. The intermediate Lewis acid-dienophile complex (S-Ir,R-C)-[(eta(5)-C5Me5)Ir(Prophos)(ethyl acrolein)][SbF6](2) has been isolated and completely characterized, including the X-ray crystal structure determination. Structural parameters indicate that the disposition of the coordinated dienophile is controlled by CH/pi attractive interactions established between a phenyl group of the Prophos ligand and the aldehyde proton of the coordinated enal. Proton NMR data indicate that these interactions are maintained in solution. From diffractometric and spectroscopic data, the origin of the enantioselectivity is discussed. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Catalytic Enantioselective Diels−Alder Reaction in Ionic Liquid via a Recyclable Chiral In(III) Complex
作者:Fan Fu、Yong-Chua Teo、Teck-Peng Loh
DOI:10.1021/ol062481i
日期:2006.12.1
A recyclable, air-and moisture- stable chiral indium complex in [hmim][ PF6-] ionic liquid has been developed. The cycloaddition of a variety of cyclic and open- chained dienes to 2-methacrolein and 2- bromoacrolein resulted in good yields and excellent enantioselectivities ( up to 98% ee). Moreover, the chiral In( III) complex can be reused for seven successive cycles with comparable enantioselectivities and yields without loss of catalytic activity.
Chiral (acyloxy)borane (CAB): a powerful and practical catalyst for asymmetric Diels-Alder reactions