1-Alkenyl cyclopropylketones, when activated by cation-stabilizing substituents at the ring carbon or at the terminal carbon of the enone moiety, undergo polyphosphoric acid-catalyzed ring enlargement producing cyclopentanone or cyclohexenone derivatives. Similar acid-catalyzed ring opening of 1-alkenyl 2-phenoxycyclopropyl ketones offers a convenient and effective synthesis of 4-oxo-5-alkenals and