2,3-dihydroxy-glutaric acid | 33054-05-6

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 有机酸及其衍生物 - 羟基酸及其衍生物
• 英文名称: 2,3-dihydroxy-glutaric acid
• 英文别名: 2,3-Dihydroxy-glutarsaeure；2,3-dihydroxypentanedioic Acid
• CAS: 33054-05-6；82864-78-6
• 化学式: C₅H₈O₆
• 分子量: 164.115
• InChiKey: VMUSHTGZIIQLRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N

物化性质

• 沸点：
  486.9±45.0 °C(Predicted)
• 密度：
  1.707±0.06 g/cm3(Predicted)

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  -1.9
• 重原子数：
  11
• 可旋转键数：
  4
• 环数：
  0.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.6
• 拓扑面积：
  115
• 氢给体数：
  4
• 氢受体数：
  6

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  2,3-dihydroxy-glutaric acid 生成 alkaline earth salt of/the/ methylsulfuric acid
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Kiliani, Chemische Berichte, 1905, vol. 38, p. 4042

  摘要：

  DOI：
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  戊烯二酸 在 氢氧化钾 、 potassium permanganate 作用下， 生成 2,3-dihydroxy-glutaric acid
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Kiliani; Loeffler, Chemische Berichte, 1905, vol. 38, p. 3624

  摘要：

  DOI：

文献信息

• Risk Factors and Demographics in Patients With Spasmodic Dysphonia
  作者：John M. Schweinfurth、Mark Billante、Mark S. Courey

  DOI：10.1097/00005537-200202000-00004

  日期：2002.2

  AbstractObjectives Spasmodic dysphonia has been characterized as a functional, psychogenic, or movement disorder with no known etiology or cure. In the present study, risk factors associated with other movement disorders were evaluated in patients with spasmodic dysphonia.Study Design Retrospective patient survey of 168 patients with a known diagnosis of spasmodic dysphonia who completed questionnaires at the time of interval botulinum toxin injection.Methods Patients completed questionnaires on demographics, education level, work history, significant life events, medical, social, and family history. The results were compared with those of first‐degree relatives as a control group with similar demographics. Data were analyzed using percentages calculated on the total number of responses and distribution of frequency of each. Statistical significance was estimated on t tests of χ2 values.Results In the series of 168 patients, there was a female predominance of 79%. Age range at onset was 13 to 71 years with an average of age of 45 years. Sixty‐five percent of patients had previously had the measles or mumps compared with the national average of 15% in a similar age group (P = .0001). Thirty percent of patients directly associated onset of spasmodic dysphonia symptoms to an upper respiratory tract infection, and 21% to a major life stress. There was no significant incidence of any other medical or neurological condition or symptomatology. There was no family history of spasmodic dysphonia. Twenty‐six percent of patients had an essential tremor compared with 4% of first‐degree relatives (P = .0001), and 11% had associated writer's cramp compared with 2% of relatives (P = .02). Less than 1% of patients described a history of toxic exposure or electrical injury.Conclusions The majority of patients with spasmodic dysphonia are girls and women. A significantly higher incidence of childhood viral illness was found in the patients with spasmodic dysphonia. Patients with spasmodic dysphonia had a significant incidence of both essential tremor and writer's cramp but no history of major illness or other neurological disorder. There appear to be no significant environmental or hereditary patterns in the etiology of spasmodic dysphonia. Stress or viral infection may induce the onset of symptoms of spasmodic dysphonia. Many features of the disorder are common to other movement disorders, and this knowledge may direct future research efforts.
• Kiliani, Chemische Berichte, 1885, vol. 18, p. 2517
  作者：Kiliani

  DOI：——

  日期：——
• Kiliani; Loeffler, Chemische Berichte, 1905, vol. 38, p. 3624
  作者：Kiliani、Loeffler

  DOI：——

  日期：——
• Kiliani, Chemische Berichte, 1905, vol. 38, p. 4042
  作者：Kiliani

  DOI：——

  日期：——