Lithiation‐Functionalisation of Triazoles Bearing Electron‐Withdrawing
N
‐Substituents: Challenges and Solutions**
摘要:
AbstractThe regioselective lithiation of 1,2,3‐triazoles provides an opportunity to introduce additional functionality, however this simple functionalisation strategy using triazoles bearing electron‐withdrawing N‐substituents has not been investigated until now. Herein, we demonstrate that the lithiated triazole intermediates can readily decompose, even at −78 °C. In addition, lithiation‐deuteration studies reveal lithiation can take place competitively on both the triazole and the electron‐withdrawn aryl ring. Careful control of reaction conditions is therefore required to i) minimise decomposition pathways; and ii) facilitate regioselective functionalisation of the triazole.
Preliminary investigations into triazole derived androgen receptor antagonists
摘要:
A range of 1,4-substituted-1,2,3-N-phenyltriazoles were synthesized and evaluated as non-steroidal androgen receptor (AR) antagonists. The motivation for this study was to replace the N-phenyl amide portion of small molecule antiandrogens with a 1,2,3-triazole and determine effects, if any, on biological activity. The synthetic methodology presented herein is robust, high yielding and extremely rapid. Using this methodology a series of 17 N-aryl triazoles were synthesized from commercially available starting materials in less than 3 h. After preliminary biological screening at 20 and 40 mu M, the most promising three compounds were found to display IC50 values of 40-50 mu M against androgen dependent (LNCaP) cells and serve as a starting point for further structure-activity investigations. All compounds in this work were the focus of an in silico study to dock the compounds into the human androgen receptor ligand binding domain (hARLBD) and compare their predicted binding affinity with known antiandrogens. A comparison of receptor-ligand interactions for the wild type and T877A mutant AR revealed two novel polar interactions. One with Q738 of the wild type site and the second with the mutated A877 residue. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
recoverable and reusable heterogeneous catalyst can be used in the click synthesis of 1,2,3-triazoles via a one-pot three-component reaction of boracic acid, terminal alkynes, and sodium azide at roomtemperature in water. FT-IR, XRD, SEM, XPS, TG, and ICP-AES techniques were used to characterize the catalyst. In general, this reaction, with the aid of this new catalyst, afforded the corresponding products
Azide-Alkyne Cycloaddition (CuAAC) in Alkane Solvents Catalyzed by Fluorinated NHC Copper(I) Complex
作者:Maxim A. Topchiy、Alexandra A. Ageshina、Pavel S. Gribanov、Salekh M. Masoud、Timur R. Akmalov、Sergey E. Nefedov、Sergey N. Osipov、Mikhail S. Nechaev、Andrey F. Asachenko
DOI:10.1002/ejoc.201801538
日期:2019.2.7
A highly efficient and environmentallybenign protocol for copper‐catalyzed alkyne–azide cycloaddition (CuAAC) in industrially important alkane solvents was developed. New (NHCF)CuI complex decorated with bulky group [(CF3)2(OiAm)C–] exhibited the best catalytic activity in the reactions of diversely substituted alkyne and azide substrates in alkane solvents.
针对工业上重要的烷烃溶剂中的铜催化的炔-叠氮化物环加成(CuAAC),开发了一种高效且对环境无害的方案。新的(NHC F)Cu I络合物装饰有大体积基团[(CF 3)2(O i Am)C–]在烷烃溶剂中不同取代的炔烃和叠氮化物底物的反应中表现出最佳的催化活性。
Indoles Rather than Triazoles from the Ruthenium Porphyrin-Catalyzed Reaction of Alkynes with Aryl Azides
作者:Paolo Zardi、Andrea Savoldelli、Daniela Maria Carminati、Alessandro Caselli、Fabio Ragaini、Emma Gallo
DOI:10.1021/cs5012712
日期:2014.11.7
An unprecedented reactivity of aryl azides toward alkynes is presented herein. The reaction performed well in the presence of 2 mol % of ruthenium porphyrin catalysts and afforded substituted indoles instead of triazoles. The procedure is particularly appealing for the synthesis of C3-functionalized indoles which bear EWG on the fragment coming from the azide. The method allowed the synthesis of 15 derivatives with yields up to 95%, high regioselectivity, and without requiring the time-consuming prefunctionalization of reagents and the addition of oxidants and/or additives.