The kinetics of reactions of 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene with aniline and several substituted aromatic amines, B, in toluene shows a quadratic dependence of the second-order rate constant, kA, on [B], which is preserved even in the presence of increasing amounts of dimethylaniline, while the reaction with N-methylaniline shows a linear dependence of kA vs [B]. All these results are interpreted by the "dimer nucleophile" mechanism, and confirmed by the effects of a non-nucleophilic hydrogen bond acceptor tertiary amine which show the relevance of the structure of the nucleophile and the role of mixed aggregates in defining the mechanisms of aromatic nucleophilic substitutions with amines in aprotic solvents.
1-氯-2,4-二硝基苯与苯胺和几种取代芳香胺B在甲苯中反应的动力学表明,二级速率常数kA对[B]呈二次依赖关系,即使在存在增加的二甲基苯胺的情况下,这种关系仍然存在,而与N-甲基苯胺的反应则表现出kA与[B]的线性关系。所有这些结果都被解释为“二聚核苷酸互变机制”,并通过非核苷酸氢键受体三级胺的影响得到确认,这表明了核苷酸的结构以及混合聚集体在无极性溶剂中定义芳香族亲核取代反应机制的作用。