The present invention relates to compounds defined by formula (I) wherein the variables R1, R2, R3, m, and n are defined as in claim 1, possessing valuable pharmacological activity. Particularly, the compounds are activators of the receptor GPR40 and thus are suitable for treatment and prevention of diseases which can be influenced by this receptor, such as metabolic diseases, in particular diabetes type 2.
TWISTED PI-ELECTRON SYSTEM CHROMOPHORE COMPOUNDS WITH VERY LARGE MOLECULAR HYPERPOLARIZABILITIES AND RELATED COMPOSITIONS AND DEVICES
申请人:Marks Tobin J.
公开号:US20100273919A1
公开(公告)日:2010-10-28
Unconventional twisted π-electron system electro-optic (EO) chromophores/compounds, compositions and related device structures. Crystallographic analysis of several non-limiting chromophores reveals, for instance, large ring-ring dihedral twist angles and a highly charge-separated zwitterionic structure in the ground state, in both solution phase and solid-state.
The present invention relates to compounds defined by formula (I)
wherein the variables R
1
, R
2
, R
3
, m, and n are defined as in claim
1
, possessing valuable pharmacological activity. Particularly, the compounds are activators of the receptor GPR40 and thus are suitable for treatment and prevention of diseases which can be influenced by this receptor, such as metabolic diseases, in particular diabetes type 2.
Semiempirical calculations indicate that the interplanar angle between the two aromatic rings leads to enhancement in the NLO properties of these compounds. The confirmation of this feature may be provided by the study of a new series of stericallyhindered pyridinium phenolates 2a–e bearing two tert-butyl substituents at the ortho position(s) of the phenolate functionality. Such bulky groups would enhance
Twisted Thiophene-Based Chromophores with Enhanced Intramolecular Charge Transfer for Cooperative Amplification of Third-Order Optical Nonlinearity
作者:Natasha B. Teran、Guang S. He、Alexander Baev、Yanrong Shi、Mark T. Swihart、Paras N. Prasad、Tobin J. Marks、John R. Reynolds
DOI:10.1021/jacs.5b12457
日期:2016.6.8
electron-rich thiophene-containing donor-acceptorchromophores with condensed π-systems and sterically regulated inter-aryl twist angles. These structures couple two key mechanisms underlying optical nonlinearity, namely, (i) intramolecular charge transfer, greatly enhanced by increased electron density and reduced aromaticity at chromophore thiophene rings and (ii) a twisted chromophore geometry, producing a manifold
利用多个光学非线性源之间的协同合作,我们报告了一系列具有稠合 π 系统和空间调节芳基间扭曲角的富电子含噻吩供体-受体发色团的设计、合成和非线性光学特性。这些结构耦合了光学非线性背后的两个关键机制,即(i)分子内电荷转移,通过增加电子密度和减少发色团噻吩环的芳香性而大大增强;(ii)扭曲的发色团几何形状,产生多种紧密排列的激发态基态和激发态之间的偶极矩变化几乎是未扭曲系统的两倍。光谱、电化学和非线性 Z 扫描测量,结合量子化学计算,阐明分子结构与非线性折射率增强机制之间的关系。实验和计算共同揭示了对溶剂极性有强烈反应的基态结构,导致显着的负溶剂致变色 (Δλ ≈ 10(2) nm) 和在固态和极性溶剂中占主导地位的两性离子/芳族结构。在凝聚的 π 系统中获得低于 2.0 eV 的基激发态能隙,扭曲系统与未扭曲系统的能隙较低。扭曲结构中第二超极化率的实部远大于虚部,最高扭曲角发色团给出|Re(γ)/Im(γ)|