[EN] SYNTHESIS OF HIGH CALORIC FUELS AND CHEMICALS<br/>[FR] SYNTHÈSE DE COMBUSTIBLES ET DE PRODUITS CHIMIQUES À FORT POUVOIR CALORIFIQUE
申请人:PIONEER ENERGY
公开号:WO2013070966A1
公开(公告)日:2013-05-16
In one embodiment, the present application discloses methods to selectively synthesize higher alcohols and hydrocarbons useful as fuels and industrial chemicals from syngas and biomass. Ketene and ketonization chemistry along with hydrogenation reactions are used to synthesize fuels and chemicals. In another embodiment, ketene used to form fuels and chemicals may be manufactured from acetic acid which in turn can be synthesized from synthesis gas which is produced from coal, biomass, natural gas, etc.
Landa,S. et al., Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications, 1960, vol. 25, p. 1165 - 1173
作者:Landa,S. et al.
DOI:——
日期:——
Petrow et al., Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Seriya Khimicheskaya, 1959, p. 1091,1094;engl.Ausg.S.1053,1056
作者:Petrow et al.
DOI:——
日期:——
Landa; Mostecky, Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications, 1956, vol. 21, p. 1177,1180
作者:Landa、Mostecky
DOI:——
日期:——
Dependence of Finger Flexion Force on the Posture of the Nonperforming Fingers During Key Pressing Tasks
作者:Zong-Ming Li、Guang H. Yue
DOI:10.1080/00222890209601951
日期:2002.12
The influence of different positions of the non-performing (idle) fingers on the maximal force contraction of flexion (master) fingers during key pressing tasks was investigated. Ten participants performed maximal voluntary flexion contractions with various combinations of the index, middle, ring, and little fingers while the idle fingers rested on or were lifted away from the supporting surface. The effect of idle finger posture on total finger force production of master fingers was dependent on finger combination. In general, force production by master fingers was higher when the idle fingers were lifted away from the supporting surface than when they rested on it. The average increase in total force production by master fingers caused by the lifting of idle fingers was +12.4% (from -8.3% to +30.2%). Force-production capability of individual master fingers can be facilitated (as high as 34.1%), unchanged, or depressed (as high as -29.0%) by lifting the idle fingers. The effect of idle finger posture on finger force production of master fingers led to changes in force deficit. Neural, anatomical, and mechanical factors might account for the dependence of finger flexion force of master fingers on the posture of the idle fingers.