ABSTRACT
Dimeric derivatives (compounds 7 to 9) of the influenza virus neuraminidase inhibitor zanamivir (compound 2), which have linking groups of 14 to 18 atoms in length, are approximately 100-fold more potent inhibitors of influenza virus replication in vitro and in vivo than zanamivir. The observed optimum linker length of 18 to 22 Å, together with observations that the dimers cause aggregation of isolated neuraminidase tetramers and whole virus, indicate that the dimers benefit from multivalent binding via intertetramer and intervirion linkages. The outstanding long-lasting protective activities shown by compounds 8 and 9 in mouse influenza infectivity experiments and the extremely long residence times observed in the lungs of rats suggest that a single low dose of a dimer would provide effective treatment and prophylaxis for influenza virus infections.
摘要
流感病毒神经氨酸酶抑制剂扎那米韦(化合物 2)的二聚体衍生物(化合物 7 至 9)具有长度为 14 至 18 个原子的连接基团,在体外和体内对流感病毒复制的抑制作用比扎那米韦强约 100 倍。所观察到的 18 至 22 Å 的最佳连接长度,以及二聚体会导致分离的神经氨酸酶四聚体和整个病毒聚集的观察结果,都表明二聚体通过四聚体间和病毒间的连接而受益于多价结合。化合物 8 和 9 在小鼠流感感染性实验中表现出的出色的持久保护活性,以及在大鼠肺部观察到的极长的停留时间都表明,二聚体的单次低剂量使用将为流感病毒感染提供有效的治疗和预防。