HIV-1 neutralization and tumor cell proliferation inhibition in vitro by simplified analogs of pyrido[4,3,2-mn]thiazolo[5,4-b]acridine marine alkaloids
作者:Irach B. Taraporewala、James W. Cessac、Tran C. Chanh、Angel V. Delgado、Raymond F. Schinazi
DOI:10.1021/jm00093a005
日期:1992.7
The antiviral/antitumor marine alkaloid dercitin was used as a lead compound to design analogues with anti-HIV and tumor inhibitory activities. Deletion of structural features contributing to cytotoxicity led to analogues with lowered T-lymphocyte toxicity profiles. One compound, 5, induced complete protection against HIV-1 infectivity in vitro at 12.5-mu-g/mL (38-mu-M) without T-cell toxicity up to 400-mu-g/mL. Compound 4 and 5 also inhibited the binding of HIV-1 to H-9 lymphocytes. These compounds may exert antiviral activity by a unique dual extracellular and intracellular mode of action-both preventing viral attachment to lymphocytes as well as intercalating with viral nucleic acid. Analogues with higher cytotoxicity such as 2 which retain the thiazole ring of the natural product proved effective in completely inhibiting the cell proliferation of breast, colon, and lung tumor cell lines at 1.5-mu-M concentration compared to a 70-mu-M dose level of 5-fluorouracil. A means of molecular separation of antiviral activity from cytotoxicity was thus achieved, and putative pharmacophores for antiviral and antitumor actions of the prototype molecule dercitin have been deduced. The 2-thio-9-acridinone derivatives 4 and 5 represent a new structural type exhibiting activity against HIV in vitro, serving as chemical leads in the design of anti-AIDS agents, while thiazolo[5,4-b]acridines such as 2 provide leads in the drug design of new antitumor agents.