FUMARATE COMPOUNDS, PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, AND METHODS OF USE
申请人:Nguyen Mark Quang
公开号:US20160318848A1
公开(公告)日:2016-11-03
Fumarate compounds, pharmaceutical compositions comprising the fumarate compounds, and methods of using fumarate compounds and pharmaceutical compositions for treating neurodegenerative, inflammatory, and autoimmune disorders including multiple sclerosis, psoriasis, irritable bowel disorder, ulcerative colitis, arthritis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis are disclosed.
Photochemical Cleavage and Release of Carboxylic Acids from α-Keto Amides
作者:Chicheng Ma、Mark G. Steinmetz、Erica J. Kopatz、Rajendra Rathore
DOI:10.1021/jo050246s
日期:2005.5.1
H2CC(OH)CON+(R)C(R‘)CH35a−c, cyclize intramolecularly to 3b or undergo intermolecular addition of water followed by tautomerization and cyclization to give 2a,c. These inter- or intramolecular trapping reactions of 5 release protons that decrease the pH and cause bleaching of the 620 nm band of the pH indicator, bromocresol green. Determination of the bleaching kinetics by laserflashphotolysis methods in the case
osmium-catalyzed dihydroxylation has uncovered that electron-deficient olefins are converted into the corresponding diols much more efficiently when the pH of the reaction medium is maintained on the acidic side. Further studies have identified citric acid as the additive of choice, for it allows preparation of very pure diols in yields generally exceeding 90%. As described here, a much wider range of olefin classes