吡嗪类化合物是指含有苯环的1,4位各有一个杂氮原子的杂环化合物,与嘧啶和哒嗪互为同分异构体。它们具有较弱的芳香性,类似于吡啶。这类化合物不易发生亲电取代反应,但容易与亲核试剂反应。当碳原子上的氢被甲基或卤素取代后,卤素或甲基上的氢表现出活性。在自然界中,纯品较为罕见,但其结构存在于叶酸中,构成蝶呤部分。工业上通常通过乙醇胺的气相催化脱氢制备吡嗪类化合物。
吡嗪类衍生物有着广泛的应用。例如,二苯并吡嗪是一种重要的染料;吩嗪(phenazine)因具有抗肿瘤、抗菌和利尿等性质而闻名。四甲基吡嗪则被报道能够捕捉超氧阴离子,并减少人体粒细胞的氮氧化物产生。六氢吡嗪或哌嗪的柠檬酸盐是一种常用的牲畜驱虫剂,特别对蛔虫有效;2,5-二酮哌嗪则是制备肽类化合物的重要试剂。
吡嗪类香料通常具有烤香、坚果香、爆玉米花及咖啡等香味特征,虽然不具备肉香味特性,却常用于肉味香精配方中,能增添香精的烧烤风味并使整体香味更加浓郁。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
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羟基吡嗪 | pyrazin-2(1H)-one | 6270-63-9 | C4H4N2O |
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甲基-3-溴吡嗪-2-羧酸甲酯 | 3-bromo-pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester | 51171-02-9 | C6H5BrN2O2 |
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氨基吡嗪 | 2-Aminopyrazine | 5049-61-6 | C4H5N3 |
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四氯吡嗪 | tetrachloropyrazine | 13484-50-9 | C4Cl4N2 |
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四-2-吡啶基吡嗪 | 2,3,5,6-tetra(2-pyridyl)pyrazine | 25005-97-4 | C24H16N6 |
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噻吩并[3,4-b]吡嗪 | thieno[3,4-b]pyrazine | 272-43-5 | C6H4N2S |
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噻吩并[2,3-b]吡嗪 | thieno<2,3-b>pyrazine | 56088-28-9 | C6H4N2S |
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咪唑并[1.2-b]吡嗪-3-甲酸乙酯 | ethyl imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazine-3-carboxylate | 1286754-14-0 | C9H9N3O2 |
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咪唑并[1,2-a]吡嗪-8-胺 | imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin-8-amine | 117718-88-4 | C6H6N4 |
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咪唑并[1,2-a]吡嗪-3-甲醛 | 3-formylimidazo<1,2-a>pyrazine | 106012-58-2 | C7H5N3O |
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咪唑并[1,2-a]吡嗪-2-甲酸 | imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid | 77112-53-9 | C7H5N3O2 |
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咪唑并[1,2-A]吡嗪-2-胺 | imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin-2-amine | 1289267-53-3 | C6H6N4 |
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咪唑并(1,2-b)吡嗪-3-苯基酮 | 3-Benzoyl-imidazo<1,2-a>pyrazine | 90734-76-2 | C13H9N3O |
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吲哚[1,2-A]吡嗪 | imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazine | 274-79-3 | C6H5N3 |
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吡嗪甲酸乙酯 | ethyl 2-pyrazinecarboxylate | 6924-68-1 | C7H8N2O2 |
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吡嗪-2-羧酸甲酯 | methyl pyrazine-2-carboxylate | 6164-79-0 | C6H6N2O2 |
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吡嗪-2-甲酰肼 | pyrazine-2-carbohydrazide | 768-05-8 | C5H6N4O |
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吡嗪-2,6-二羧酸二甲酯 | dimethyl pyrazine-2,6-dicarboxylate | 35042-26-3 | C8H8N2O4 |
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吡嗪-2,5-二甲醛 | pyrazine-2,5-dialdehyde | 77666-94-5 | C6H4N2O2 |
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吡嗪-2,3-二羧酸单酰胺 | pyrazine-2,3-dicarboxylic acid monoamide | 67367-37-7 | C6H5N3O3 |
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吡嗪 | 1,4-pyrazine | 290-37-9 | C4H4N2 |
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吡咯并[1,2-a]吡嗪 | 7-azaindolizine | 274-45-3 | C7H6N2 |
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六氨-噁唑并[3,4-Α]吡嗪-3-酮盐酸盐 | tetrahydro-1H-oxazolo[3,4-a]pyrazin-3(5H)-one hydrochloride | 1020349-31-8 | C6H10N2O2*ClH |
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六氢吡咯并[1,2-a]吡嗪-6-酮 | hexahydropyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazin-6(2H)-one | 117810-52-3 | C7H12N2O |
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二环己胺盐 | dicyclohexylamine salt | 1137606-74-6 | C5H2FN3O*C12H23N |
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丁苯那嗪 | tetrabenazine | 58-46-8 | C19H27NO3 |
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[1,2,5]恶二唑并[3,4-b]吡嗪-5,6(1H,3H)-二酮 | 5,6-dihydroxyfurazano[3,4-b]pyrazine | 24294-89-1 | C4H2N4O3 |
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N-去(5-甲基吡嗪羰基)-N-乙基羧基格列吡嗪 | Ethyl (2-(4-((cyclohexylcarbamoyl)sulfamoyl)phenyl)ethyl)carbamate | 13554-93-3 | C18H27N3O5S |
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C-(5-氯-吡嗪-2-基)-甲胺 | (5-chloropyrazin-2-yl)methanamine | 1060814-53-0 | C5H6ClN3 |
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8-氯咪唑并[1,5-a]吡嗪 | 8-chloroimidazo[1,5-a]pyrazine | 56468-23-6 | C6H4ClN3 |
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8-氯三唑并[4,3-a]吡嗪 | 8-chloro-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyrazine | 68774-77-6 | C5H3ClN4 |
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8-氯[1,2,4]噻唑并[1,5-a]吡嗪 | 8-chloro-[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrazine | 74803-32-0 | C5H3ClN4 |
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7-甲氧基喹啉 | 7-methoxyquinoline | 4964-76-5 | C10H9NO |
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7-氯吡啶并[3,4-b]吡嗪 | 7-chloro-pyrido[3,4-b]pyrazine | 93049-39-9 | C7H4ClN3 |
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7-Boc-5,6,7,8-四氢-1,2,4-三唑并[4,5-a]吡嗪-3-甲酸乙酯 | 7-(tert-butyl) 3-ethyl 5,6-dihydro-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyrazine-3,7(8H)-dicarboxylate | 1215852-11-1 | C13H20N4O4 |
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7-Boc-5,6,7,8-四氢-1,2,4-三唑并[4,3-a]吡嗪 | tert-butyl 5,6-dihydro-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyrazine-7(8H)-carboxylate | 723286-79-1 | C10H16N4O2 |
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7,8,9,10-四氢-8-(三氟乙酰基)-6,10-甲桥-6H-吡嗪并[2,3-h][3]苯并氮杂卓 | 1-(9,10-dihydro-6H-6,10-methanoazepino[4,5-g]quinoxaline-8(7H)-yl)-2,2,2,-trifluoroethanone | 230615-70-0 | C15H12F3N3O |
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6-甲基吡嗪-3-甲腈 | 6-methylpyridazine-3-carbonitrile | 49840-90-6 | C6H5N3 |
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6-甲基吡嗪-2-羧醛 | 6-methylpyrazine-2-carbaldehyde | 116758-01-1 | C6H6N2O |
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6-甲基吡嗪-2-羧酸 | 6-methylpyrazine-2-carboxylic acid | 5521-61-9 | C6H6N2O2 |
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6-甲基-5-氧代-4,5-二氢吡嗪-2-羧酸甲酯 | methyl 4,5-dihydro-6-methyl-5-oxo-2-pyrazinecarboxylate | 77168-84-4 | C7H8N2O3 |
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6-溴吡嗪2-羧酸 | 6-bromoimidazo[1,2-a]pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid | 1000018-56-3 | C7H4BrN3O2 |
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6-溴吡嗪-2-羧酸 | 6-bromopyrazine-2-carboxylic acid | 1196151-53-7 | C5H3BrN2O2 |
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6-溴-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]吡嗪 | 6-bromo-[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrazine | 1233026-51-1 | C5H3BrN4 |
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6-溴-4-(吡嗪-4-基)喹啉 | 6-bromo-4-(pyridazin-4-yl)quinoline | 1086063-18-4 | C13H8BrN3 |
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6-溴-3-碘咪唑并[1,2-a]吡嗪 | 6-bromo-3-iodoimidazo[1,2-a]pyrazine | 1245644-42-1 | C6H3BrIN3 |
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6-溴-3-氯吡嗪-2-甲腈 | 6-bromo-3-chloropyrazine-2-carbonitrile | 1257072-34-6 | C5HBrClN3 |
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6-溴-3-吡嗪胺 | 6-bromopyridazin-3-amine | 88497-27-2 | C4H4BrN3 |
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6-溴-2-甲基-咪唑并[1,2-a]吡嗪 | 6-bromo-2-methylimidazo[1,2-a]pyrazine | 1159811-97-8 | C7H6BrN3 |
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6-溴-2-吡嗪羧酸甲酯 | methyl 6-bromopyrazine-2-carboxylate | 40155-34-8 | C6H5BrN2O2 |
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