吡嗪类化合物
吡嗪类化合物是指含有苯环的1,4位各有一个杂氮原子的杂环化合物，与嘧啶和哒嗪互为同分异构体。它们具有较弱的芳香性，类似于吡啶。这类化合物不易发生亲电取代反应，但容易与亲核试剂反应。当碳原子上的氢被甲基或卤素取代后，卤素或甲基上的氢表现出活性。在自然界中，纯品较为罕见，但其结构存在于叶酸中，构成蝶呤部分。工业上通常通过乙醇胺的气相催化脱氢制备吡嗪类化合物。
吡嗪类衍生物有着广泛的应用。例如，二苯并吡嗪是一种重要的染料；吩嗪（phenazine）因具有抗肿瘤、抗菌和利尿等性质而闻名。四甲基吡嗪则被报道能够捕捉超氧阴离子，并减少人体粒细胞的氮氧化物产生。六氢吡嗪或哌嗪的柠檬酸盐是一种常用的牲畜驱虫剂，特别对蛔虫有效；2,5-二酮哌嗪则是制备肽类化合物的重要试剂。
吡嗪类香料通常具有烤香、坚果香、爆玉米花及咖啡等香味特征，虽然不具备肉香味特性，却常用于肉味香精配方中，能增添香精的烧烤风味并使整体香味更加浓郁。
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4-氯吡咯并[1,2-F][1,2,4]三嗪 | 4-chloropyrrolo[2,1-f][1,2,4]triazine | 888720-29-4 | C6H4ClN3 |
|
| 4-三氟甲基噻唑-2-羧酸 | 4-(trifluoromethyl)thiazole-2-carboxylic acid | 944900-55-4 | C5H2F3NO2S |
|
| 4-(6-溴吡嗪-2-基)吗啉 | 4-(6-bromopyrazin-2-yl)morpholine | 848841-62-3 | C8H10BrN3O |
|
| 4-(3-溴咪唑并[1,2-b]吡嗪-6-基)吗啉 | 4-(3-bromoimidazo[1,2-b]pyridazin-6-yl)morpholine | 1012343-72-4 | C10H11BrN4O |
|
| 4-(1-氨基环丙基)-苯甲酸甲酯 | methyl 4-(1-aminocyclopropyl)benzoate | 1006037-03-1 | C11H13NO2 |
|
| 4,6-二氯吡嗪-3(2H)-酮 | 4,6-dichloropyridazin-3(2H)-one | 17285-37-9 | C4H2Cl2N2O |
|
| 4,4'-(2,6-吡嗪二基)二苯甲酸 | 2,6-bis(4'-carboxyphenyl)pyrazine | 623157-25-5 | C18H12N2O4 |
|
| 3-羟基吡嗪-2-酰胺 | 3-hydroxypyrazine-2-carboxamide | 55321-99-8 | C5H5N3O2 |
|
| 3-羟基-5-甲基吡嗪-2-羧酸乙酯 | ethyl 3-hydroxy-5-methylpyrazine-2-carboxylate | 141872-22-2 | C8H10N2O3 |
|
| 3-羟基-2-吡嗪甲酸 | 3-hydroxypyrazine-2-carboxylic acid | 20737-42-2 | C5H4N2O3 |
|
| 3-甲基吡嗪-2-羧酸甲酯 | methyl 3-methylpyrazine-2-carboxylate | 41110-29-6 | C7H8N2O2 |
|
| 3-甲基吡嗪-2-羧酸 | 3-methylpyrazine-2-carboxylic acid | 41110-28-5 | C6H6N2O2 |
|
| 3-甲基-6-(3-[三氟甲基]苯基)-1,2,4-噻唑并-(4,3-b)吡嗪 | 3-methyl-6-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazine | 66548-69-4 | C13H9F3N4 |
|
| 3-溴咪唑并[1,2-b]哒嗪-6-基胺 | 3-bromoimidazo[1,2-b]pyridazin-6-amine | 1260850-70-1 | C6H5BrN4 |
|
| 3-溴咪唑并[1,2-a]吡嗪-8-胺 | 3-bromoimidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin-8-amine | 117718-92-0 | C6H5BrN4 |
|
| 3-溴咪唑[1,2-A]吡嗪 | 3-bromoimidazo[1,2-a]pyrazine | 57948-41-1 | C6H4BrN3 |
|
| 3-溴吡嗪-2-羧酸 | 3-bromopyrazine-2-carboxylic acid | 937669-80-2 | C5H3BrN2O2 |
|
| 3-溴-8-氯咪唑并[1,2-a]吡嗪 | 3-bromo-8-chloroimidazo[1,2-a]pyrazine | 143591-61-1 | C6H3BrClN3 |
|
| 3-溴-6-甲氧基吡嗪 | 3-bromo-6-methoxypyridazine | 17321-29-8 | C5H5BrN2O |
|
| 3-溴-6-甲氧基吡唑并[1,5-b]吡嗪 | 3-bromo-6-methoxypyrazolo[1,5-b]pyridazine | 1246552-73-7 | C7H6BrN3O |
|
| 3-溴-6-氯吡嗪-2-羧酸甲酯 | Methyl 3-bromo-6-chloropyrazine-2-carboxylate | 13457-28-8 | C6H4BrClN2O2 |
|
| 3-溴-6-乙基哒嗪 | 3-bromo-6-ethylpyridazine | 152665-26-4 | C6H7BrN2 |
|
| 3-溴-5-甲基哒嗪 | 5-Methyl-3-brom-pyridazin | 1257854-82-2 | C5H5BrN2 |
|
| 3-溴-5,6-二氢咪唑并[1,5-a]吡嗪-7(8h)-羧酸叔丁酯 | tert-butyl 3-bromo-5,6-dihydroimidazo[1,5-a]pyrazine-7(8H)-carboxylate | 1188264-74-5 | C11H16BrN3O2 |
|
| 3-溴-4-甲基吡嗪 | 3-bromo-4-methylpyridazine | 1416373-61-9 | C5H5BrN2 |
|
| 3-溴-1H-吡唑并[3,4-B]吡嗪 | 3-bromo-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyrazine | 81411-68-9 | C5H3BrN4 |
|
| 3-氯-6-甲基-2-吡嗪胺 | 2-amino-3-chloro-6-methylpyrazine | 89182-15-0 | C5H6ClN3 |
|
| 3-氯-6-异丙氧基吡嗪 | 3-chloro-6-(propane-2-yloxy)pyridazine | 3184-71-2 | C7H9ClN2O |
|
| 3-氯-5H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡嗪 | 3-chloro-5H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyrazine | 1111638-10-8 | C6H4ClN3 |
|
| 3-氯-5-碘吡嗪-2-胺 | 3-chloro-5-iodopyrazin-2-amine | 1252597-70-8 | C4H3ClIN3 |
|
| 3-氯-2-吡嗪甲酸甲酯 | methyl 3-chloropyrazine-2-carboxylate | 27825-21-4 | C6H5ClN2O2 |
|
| 3-氯-2,5-二甲基吡嗪 | 2,5-dimethyl-3-chloropyrazine | 95-89-6 | C6H7ClN2 |
|
| 3-氨基吡嗪-2-羧酸甲酯 | Methyl 3-amino-2-pyrazinecarboxylate | 16298-03-6 | C6H7N3O2 |
|
| 3-氨基吡嗪-2-甲醛 | 3-aminopyrazine-2-carbaldehyde | 32710-14-8 | C5H5N3O |
|
| 3-氨基吡嗪-2-甲酰胺 | 3-aminopyrazine-2-carboxamide | 32587-10-3 | C5H6N4O |
|
| 3-氨基吡嗪-2-甲腈 | 2-amino-3-pyrazinonitrile | 25911-65-3 | C5H4N4 |
|
| 3-氨基-N-(氨基亚氨基乙基)-5-(二甲氨基)-6-氯吡嗪甲酰胺盐酸盐 | 5-N-dimethyl amiloride | 1214-79-5 | C8H12ClN7O |
|
| 3-氨基-6-碘哒嗪 | 6-iodopyridazin-3-amine | 187973-60-0 | C4H4IN3 |
|
| 3-氨基-6-溴吡嗪-2-甲酸甲酯 | methyl 3-amino-6-bromopyrazine-2-carboxylate | 6966-01-4 | C6H6BrN3O2 |
|
| 3-氨基-6-溴吡嗪-2-甲酸 | 3-amino-6-bromo-pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid | 486424-37-7 | C5H4BrN3O2 |
|
| 3-氨基-6-氯吡嗪-2-甲酸 | 3-amino-6-chloro-pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid | 2727-13-1 | C5H4ClN3O2 |
|
| 3-氨基-6-(氯甲基)-2-吡嗪甲腈-4-氧化物 | 6-(chloromethyl)-4-hydroxy-3-iminopyrazine-2-carbonitrile | 40127-89-7 | C6H5ClN4O |
|
| 3-氨基-5-溴噻吩-2-羧酸甲酯 | methyl 3-amino-5-bromothiophene-2-carboxylate | 107818-55-3 | C6H6BrNO2S |
|
| 3-氨基-5,6-二甲基吡嗪-2-羧酸甲酯 | methyl 3-amino-5,6-dimethylpyrazine-2-carboxylate | 6294-72-0 | C8H11N3O2 |
|
| 3-氨基-2-氰基-6-溴吡嗪 | 2-amino-5-bromo-3-cyanopyrazine | 17231-51-5 | C5H3BrN4 |
|
| 3-吡嗪羧酰胺 1-氧化物 | 2-pyrazinecarboxamide-4-oxide | 768-36-5 | C5H5N3O2 |
|
| 3-乙基-(1H)-吡嗪-2-酮 | 3-ethyl-1<i>H</i>-pyrazin-2-one | 25680-54-0 | C6H8N2O |
|
| 3-[5-(2-羧乙基)吡嗪-2-基]丙酸 | pyrazine-2,5-dipropionic acid | 77479-02-8 | C10H12N2O4 |
|
| 3-(三氟甲基)吡嗪-2-羧酸 | 3-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid | 870787-06-7 | C6H3F3N2O2 |
|
| 3,6-二氯吡嗪-4-甲腈 | 3,6-dichloropyridazine-4-carbonitrile | 35857-93-3 | C5HCl2N3 |
|
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