硫脲
硫脲是一种含硫有机物，在制药工业中扮演着重要角色。它可以通过与丙二酸酯衍生物缩合生成硫代巴比土酸衍生物（俗名硫喷妥纳），这是一种有效的全身麻醉药物，静脉注射后能迅速产生麻醉效果，适用于短暂手术。此外，硫脲也是制备磺胺噻唑的重要原料之一，通过将其与α-卤代醛反应，再与对氨基苯磺酰氯结合，可以合成出磺胺噻唑（俗名消治龙）。这种药物在治疗各种传染病方面表现尤为有效，并于20世纪30年代广泛应用于医疗领域，是最早期的合成磺胺药之一。
硫脲还可用于制取甲基硫氧嘧啶（俗名肥猪粉），因其对猪的生长有促肥作用而得名。此外，硫脲及其衍生物具有抗甲状腺活性，如硫脲嘧啶能抑制甲状腺素的增长。它还可用作衣物和毛皮的驱虫剂、橡胶的硫化促进剂等。
除了在医药领域的应用外，硫脲还能与金属反应生成盐，尤其是与重金属反应生成的颜色不同的特征化合物且不溶于水，这可用于金属离子的比色分析。与其他化合物如卤代羧酸反应时，可生成硫脲基羧酸；与铅盐反应则能形成硫化铅镜面沉淀；与苯醌反应时可以同时生成苯并噁噻酮及苯并噻唑酮；并与环亚胺作用时使其开环。值得注意的是，硫脲具有腐蚀皮肤的特性，经口大鼠半数致死剂量为125 mg/kg。
相关化合物
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1-(5-氯-2-甲基苯基)-2-硫脲 | 1-(5-chloro-2-methylphenyl)thiourea | 72806-61-2 | C8H9ClN2S |
|
| 1-(4-氯苯基)-3-苯基-2-硫脲 | 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-phenylthiourea | 7392-67-8 | C13H11ClN2S |
|
| 1-(4-氯苄基)-2-硫脲 | 1-(4-chlorobenzyl)thiourea | 24827-37-0 | C8H9ClN2S |
|
| 1-(4-氯-2-甲基苯基)-2-硫脲 | N-(4-Chloro-2-methylphenyl)thiourea | 63980-71-2 | C8H9ClN2S |
|
| 1-(4-氟苯基)-2-硫脲 | (4-fluoro-phenyl)-thiourea | 459-05-2 | C7H7FN2S |
|
| 1-(4-二甲氨基)苯-2-硫脲 | 1-(4-Dimethylaminophenyl)-thioharnstoff | 22283-43-8 | C9H13N3S |
|
| 1-(4-乙氧羰基苯基)-2-硫脲 | 4-thioureidobenzoic acid ethyl ester | 23051-16-3 | C10H12N2O2S |
|
| 1-(4-乙氧基苯基)-2-硫脲 | 1-(4-ethoxyphenyl)thiourea | 880-29-5 | C9H12N2OS |
|
| 1-(3-苯丙基)-2-硫脲 | N-(3-Phenylpropyl)thiourea | 93168-20-8 | C10H14N2S |
|
| 1-(3-羧苯基)-2-硫脲 | 3-thioureidobenzoic acid | 37182-75-5 | C8H8N2O2S |
|
| 1-(3-硝基苯基)-2-硫脲 | 3-nitrophenylthiourea | 709-72-8 | C7H7N3O2S |
|
| 1-(3-甲氧基苄基)-2-硫脲 | 1-(3-methoxybenzyl)thiourea | 90556-79-9 | C9H12N2OS |
|
| 1-(3-溴苯基)-2-硫脲 | 1-(3-bromophenyl)thiourea | 21327-14-0 | C7H7BrN2S |
|
| 1-(3-氯苯基)-2-硫脲 | 1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-thiourea | 4947-89-1 | C7H7ClN2S |
|
| 1-(3-氯-4-甲基苯基)-2-硫脲 | N-(3-chloro-4-methylphenyl)thiourea | 117174-84-2 | C8H9ClN2S |
|
| 1-(3-氯-2-甲基苯基)-2-硫脲 | 1-(3-chloro-2-methylphenyl)thiourea | 63980-70-1 | C8H9ClN2S |
|
| 1-(3-氟苯基)-2-硫脲 | 1-(3-fluorophenyl)thiourea | 458-05-9 | C7H7FN2S |
|
| 1-(3-乙酰苯基)-2-硫脲 | 1-(3-acetylphenyl)thiourea | 86801-04-9 | C9H10N2OS |
|
| 1-(3-乙氧羰基苯基)-2-硫脲 | 3-[(aminothioxomethyl)amino]benzoic acid ethyl ester | 20967-87-7 | C10H12N2O2S |
|
| 1-(3,4-亚甲基二氧苯基)-2-硫脲 | 1-(benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)thiourea | 65069-55-8 | C8H8N2O2S |
|
| 1-(3,4,5-三甲氧基苯基)-2-硫脲 | 1-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)thiourea | 59083-54-4 | C10H14N2O3S |
|
| 1-(2-糠基)-2-硫脲 | furfurylthiourea | 56541-07-2 | C6H8N2OS |
|
| 1-(2-氯苯基)-3-苯基-2-硫脲 | 1-(2-chloro-phenyl)-3-phenyl-thiourea | 1932-36-1 | C13H11ClN2S |
|
| 1-(2-氯-5-三氟甲苯基)-2-硫脲 | 1-(2-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)thiourea | 21714-35-2 | C8H6ClF3N2S |
|
| 1-(2-氟苯基)-2-硫脲 | N-(2-fluorophenyl)thiourea | 656-32-6 | C7H7FN2S |
|
| 1-(2-异丙苯基)-2-硫脲 | 1-(2-isopropylphenyl)thiourea | 25343-32-2 | C10H14N2S |
|
| 1-(2-异丙基苯基)-2-硫脲 | 4-iodo-3-methylbenzoic acid | 52107-87-6 | C8H7IO2 |
|
| 1-(2-乙氧基苯基)-2-硫脲 | 2-ethoxyphenylthiourea | 1516-38-7 | C9H12N2OS |
|
| 1-(2,6-二甲苯基)硫脲 | 1-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)thiourea | 6396-76-5 | C9H12N2S |
|
| 1-(2,6-二乙苯基)-硫脲 | 1-(2,6-diethylphenyl)thiourea | 25343-30-0 | C11H16N2S |
|
| 1-(2,4,6-三氯苯基)-2-硫脲 | 1-(2,4,6-trichlorophenyl)thiourea | 31118-87-3 | C7H5Cl3N2S |
|
| 1-(2,4,5-三氯苯基)-2-硫脲 | 1-(2,4,5-trichlorophenyl)thiourea | 90617-76-8 | C7H5Cl3N2S |
|
| 1-(2,3-二氯苯基)-2-硫脲 | 1-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)thiourea | 41542-06-7 | C7H6Cl2N2S |
|
| 1,4-二苯氨基硫脲 | 1,4-diphenylthiosemicarbazide | 1768-59-8 | C13H13N3S |
|
| 1,3-双(3-吡啶甲基)-2-硫脲 | 1,3-bis(3-pyridylmethyl)-2-thiourea | 6965-01-1 | C13H14N4S |
|
| 1,3-二羧甲基-2-甲基-2-硫代异脲 | 1,3-Dicarbomethoxy-S-methylisothiourea | 34840-23-8 | C6H10N2O4S |
|
| 1,3-二烯丙基-2-硫脲 | N,N'-diallylthiourea | 6601-20-3 | C7H12N2S |
|
| 1,3-二异丙基-2-硫脲 | 1,3-diisopropylthiourea | 2986-17-6 | C7H16N2S |
|
| 1,3-二对甲苯基-2-硫脲 | N,N'-Bis(p-tolyl)thiourea | 621-01-2 | C15H16N2S |
|
| 1,3-二乙基硫脲 | 1,3-diethylthiourea | 105-55-5 | C5H12N2S |
|
| 1,3-二(苄氧羰基)-2-甲基异硫脲 | N,N'-bis(benzyloxycarbonyl)-S-methylisothiourea | 25508-20-7 | C18H18N2O4S |
|
| 1,3-[二(2-乙基苯基)]硫脲 | <i>N</i>,<i>N</i>'-bis-(2-ethyl-phenyl)-thiourea | 5395-94-8 | C17H20N2S |
|
| 1,2-二甲基-2-异硫脲氢碘酸盐 | N,S-dimethylisothiourea hydroiodide | 41306-45-0 | C3H8N2S*HI |
|
| 1,1-二苯基硫脲 | 1,1-diphenylthiourea | 3898-08-6 | C13H12N2S |
|
| (4-羧苯基)硫脲 | 4-thioureidobenzoic acid | 7366-56-5 | C8H8N2O2S |
|
| (4-氯-3-三氟甲基)苯基硫脲 | (4-chloro-3-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-thiourea | 207919-03-7 | C8H6ClF3N2S |
|
| (4-乙酰苯基)硫脲 | 1-(4-acetylphenyl)thiourea | 71680-92-7 | C9H10N2OS |
|
| (2,6-二氟苯基)硫脲 | 1-(2,6-difluorophenyl)thiourea | 59772-31-5 | C7H6F2N2S |
|
| (2,3-二氟苯基)硫脲 | 1-(2,3-difluorophenyl)thiourea | 572889-25-9 | C7H6F2N2S |
|
| —— | [Amino-[2-[amino(azaniumylidene)methyl]sulfanylethylsulfanyl]methylidene]azanium;dibromide | 6943-65-3 | C4H12Br2N4S2 |
|
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