硫脲
硫脲是一种含硫有机物，在制药工业中扮演着重要角色。它可以通过与丙二酸酯衍生物缩合生成硫代巴比土酸衍生物（俗名硫喷妥纳），这是一种有效的全身麻醉药物，静脉注射后能迅速产生麻醉效果，适用于短暂手术。此外，硫脲也是制备磺胺噻唑的重要原料之一，通过将其与α-卤代醛反应，再与对氨基苯磺酰氯结合，可以合成出磺胺噻唑（俗名消治龙）。这种药物在治疗各种传染病方面表现尤为有效，并于20世纪30年代广泛应用于医疗领域，是最早期的合成磺胺药之一。
硫脲还可用于制取甲基硫氧嘧啶（俗名肥猪粉），因其对猪的生长有促肥作用而得名。此外，硫脲及其衍生物具有抗甲状腺活性，如硫脲嘧啶能抑制甲状腺素的增长。它还可用作衣物和毛皮的驱虫剂、橡胶的硫化促进剂等。
除了在医药领域的应用外，硫脲还能与金属反应生成盐，尤其是与重金属反应生成的颜色不同的特征化合物且不溶于水，这可用于金属离子的比色分析。与其他化合物如卤代羧酸反应时，可生成硫脲基羧酸；与铅盐反应则能形成硫化铅镜面沉淀；与苯醌反应时可以同时生成苯并噁噻酮及苯并噻唑酮；并与环亚胺作用时使其开环。值得注意的是，硫脲具有腐蚀皮肤的特性，经口大鼠半数致死剂量为125 mg/kg。
相关化合物
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N,N’-二仲丁基硫脲 | <i>N</i>,<i>N</i>'-Di-<i>sec</i>-butyl-thioharnstoff | 31182-22-6 | C9H20N2S |
|
| N,N-二甲基硫脲 | 1,1-dimethyl-2-thiourea | 6972-05-0 | C3H8N2S |
|
| N,N-二甲基丙烯基脲 | 1,3-dimethyl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2(1H)-pyrimidinon | 7226-23-5 | C6H12N2O |
|
| N,N-二正己基硫脲 | 1,3-dihexylthiourea | 21071-28-3 | C13H28N2S |
|
| N,N-二(3-三乙氧基硅丙基)硫 | N, N'-bis<3-(triethoxysilyl)propyl>thiourea | 69952-89-2 | C19H44N2O6SSi2 |
|
| N,N'-二邻甲苯基硫脲 | N,N'-di(o-tolyl)thiourea | 137-97-3 | C15H16N2S |
|
| N,N'-二苯基硫脲 | N,N-diphenylthiourea | 102-08-9 | C13H12N2S |
|
| N,N'-二苄基硫脲 | dibenzyl thiourea | 1424-14-2 | C15H16N2S |
|
| N,N'-二甲基硫脲 | N,N-dimethylthiourea | 534-13-4 | C3H8N2S |
|
| N,N'-二环己基硫脲 | 1,3-dicyclohexylthiourea | 1212-29-9 | C13H24N2S |
|
| N,N'-二正丁基硫脲 | 1,3-dibutylthiourea | 109-46-6 | C9H20N2S |
|
| N,N'-二异丁基硫脲 | N,N'-diisobutylthiourea | 29214-81-1 | C9H20N2S |
|
| N,N'-二叔丁基硫脲 | N,N-di-tert-butylthiourea | 4041-95-6 | C9H20N2S |
|
| N,N'-二-n-丙基硫脲 | N,N'-di-n-propylthiourea | 26536-60-7 | C7H16N2S |
|
| 5-氯-2-甲氧基苯基硫脲 | 1-(2-Methoxy-5-chloro)phenyl thiourea | 63980-69-8 | C8H9ClN2OS |
|
| 5-氟-2-甲基苯硫脲 | 1-(5-fluoro-2-methylphenyl)thiourea | 16822-86-9 | C8H9FN2S |
|
| 5-(甲基硫代)-6-氮杂硫脲 | 6-methylsulfanyl-2<i>H</i>-[1,2,4]triazine-3,5-dione | 31697-20-8 | C4H5N3O2S |
|
| 4-苯氧基苯基硫脲 | 1-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-2-thiourea | 76839-21-9 | C13H12N2OS |
|
| 4-苄基-3-氨基硫脲 | 4-benzylthiosemicarbazide | 13431-41-9 | C8H11N3S |
|
| 4-甲基氨基硫脲 | 4-methylthiosemicarbazid | 6610-29-3 | C2H7N3S |
|
| 4-溴-2-甲基苯基硫脲 | 1-(4-bromo-2-methyphenyl)thiourea | 109317-23-9 | C8H9BrN2S |
|
| 4-溴-2-(三氟甲基)苯基硫脲 | 1-(4-bromo-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)thiourea | 208186-71-4 | C8H6BrF3N2S |
|
| 4-氰基苯硫脲 | 4-cyanophenylthiourea | 3460-55-7 | C8H7N3S |
|
| 4-氯苯甲醛缩氨基硫脲 | 4-chlorobenzaldehyde thiosemicarbazone | 5706-80-9 | C8H8ClN3S |
|
| 4-氯苯基硫脲 | N-(4-chlorophenyl)thiourea | 3696-23-9 | C7H7ClN2S |
|
| 4-异丙基-3-氨基硫脲 | 4-isopropyl-3-thiosemicarbazide | 13431-36-2 | C4H11N3S |
|
| 4-叔丁基-2,6-胺基硫脲 | 4-tert-butyl-3-thiosemicarbazide | 13431-39-5 | C5H13N3S |
|
| 4-三氟甲基苯硫脲 | 1-(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)thiourea | 1736-72-7 | C8H7F3N2S |
|
| 4-4-甲苯基-3-胺基硫脲 | 4-(4-methylphenyl)-3-thiosemicarbazide | 13278-67-6 | C8H11N3S |
|
| 4-3-氯苯氧基-3-氨基硫脲 | 4-(3-chlorophenyl)-3-thiosemicarbazide | 42135-76-2 | C7H8ClN3S |
|
| 4-2-甲氧基苯基-3-氨基硫脲 | 4-(2-methylphenyl)-3-thiosemicarbazide | 614-10-8 | C8H11N3S |
|
| 4-2-氯苯基-3-胺基硫脲 | 4-(2-chlorophenyl)-3-thiosemicarbazide | 42135-75-1 | C7H8ClN3S |
|
| 4-2,4-二甲级苯基-3-氨基硫脲 | 4-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-3-thiosemicarbazide | 66298-09-7 | C9H13N3S |
|
| 4-2,4-二氯苯-3-氨基硫脲 | 1-(2,4-Dichlor-phenyl)-thiosemicarbazid | 13124-11-3 | C7H7Cl2N3S |
|
| 4-(4-苯氧基_)-3-氨基硫脲 | 4-(4'-phenoxyphenyl)-3-thiosemicarbazide | 206761-85-5 | C13H13N3OS |
|
| 4-(4-溴苯基)-3-氨基硫脲 | 4-(p-bromophenyl)thiosemicarbazide | 2646-31-3 | C7H8BrN3S |
|
| 4-(4-氯苯)-3-氨基硫脲 | 4-(p-chlorophenyl)-3-thiosemicarbazide | 22814-92-2 | C7H8ClN3S |
|
| 4-(4-氟苯)-3-氨基硫脲 | 4-(4-fluorophenyl)thiosemicarbazide | 330-94-9 | C7H8FN3S |
|
| 4-(4-乙苯基)-3-氨基硫脲 | 4-(4-ethylphenyl)-3-thiosemicarbazide | 93693-01-7 | C9H13N3S |
|
| 4-(4-乙氧基甲酰苯)-3-氨基硫脲 | 4-hydrazinothiocarbonylamino-benzoic acid ethyl ester | 70619-50-0 | C10H13N3O2S |
|
| 4-(3-氟苯基)-3-氨基硫脲 | 4-(3-fluorophenyl)-3-thiosemicarbazide | 70619-48-6 | C7H8FN3S |
|
| 4-(2-氟苯基)-3-胺基硫脲 | 4-(2-fluorophenyl)-3-thiosemicarbazide | 38985-72-7 | C7H8FN3S |
|
| 4-(2,6-二甲基苯基)-3-氨基硫脲 | 1-amino-3-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)thiourea | 71058-35-0 | C9H13N3S |
|
| 3-羟基苯基硫脲 | N-(3-hydroxyphenyl)thiourea | 3394-05-6 | C7H8N2OS |
|
| 3-吡啶硫脲 | 3-pyridylthiourea | 30162-37-9 | C6H7N3S |
|
| 3-(三氟甲基)苯(基)硫脲 | 3-trifluoromethylphenylthiourea | 1736-70-5 | C8H7F3N2S |
|
| 3,5-二甲基苯基硫脲 | (3,5-dimethylphenyl)thiourea | 97480-60-9 | C9H12N2S |
|
| 3,5-二氯苯基硫脲 | 1-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)thiourea | 107707-33-5 | C7H6Cl2N2S |
|
| 2-苯乙基硫脲 | N-(2-phenylethyl)thiourea | 6815-00-5 | C9H12N2S |
|
| 2-硝基苯基硫脲 | N-(2-nitrophenyl)thiourea | 51039-84-0 | C7H7N3O2S |
|
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