硫脲是一种含硫有机物,在制药工业中扮演着重要角色。它可以通过与丙二酸酯衍生物缩合生成硫代巴比土酸衍生物(俗名硫喷妥纳),这是一种有效的全身麻醉药物,静脉注射后能迅速产生麻醉效果,适用于短暂手术。此外,硫脲也是制备磺胺噻唑的重要原料之一,通过将其与α-卤代醛反应,再与对氨基苯磺酰氯结合,可以合成出磺胺噻唑(俗名消治龙)。这种药物在治疗各种传染病方面表现尤为有效,并于20世纪30年代广泛应用于医疗领域,是最早期的合成磺胺药之一。
硫脲还可用于制取甲基硫氧嘧啶(俗名肥猪粉),因其对猪的生长有促肥作用而得名。此外,硫脲及其衍生物具有抗甲状腺活性,如硫脲嘧啶能抑制甲状腺素的增长。它还可用作衣物和毛皮的驱虫剂、橡胶的硫化促进剂等。
除了在医药领域的应用外,硫脲还能与金属反应生成盐,尤其是与重金属反应生成的颜色不同的特征化合物且不溶于水,这可用于金属离子的比色分析。与其他化合物如卤代羧酸反应时,可生成硫脲基羧酸;与铅盐反应则能形成硫化铅镜面沉淀;与苯醌反应时可以同时生成苯并噁噻酮及苯并噻唑酮;并与环亚胺作用时使其开环。值得注意的是,硫脲具有腐蚀皮肤的特性,经口大鼠半数致死剂量为125 mg/kg。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
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2-甲氧基苯基硫脲 | 1-(2-methoxyphenyl)thiourea | 1516-37-6 | C8H10N2OS |
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2-甲氧基-5-甲基苯基硫脲 | 1-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)thiourea | 88686-29-7 | C9H12N2OS |
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2-甲基氨基硫脲 | 2-methyl-thiosemicarbazide | 6938-68-7 | C2H7N3S |
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2-甲基-2-疏基硫酸脲 | carbamimidothioic acid methyl ester | 2986-19-8 | C2H6N2S |
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2-溴-4-甲基苯基硫脲 | 2-Bromo-4-methylphenylthiourea | 66644-79-9 | C8H9BrN2S |
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2-氯苯甲醛缩胺基硫脲 | 2-chlorobenzaldehyde thiosemicarbazone | 5706-78-5 | C8H8ClN3S |
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2-吡啶基硫脲 | 2-pyridylthiourea | 14294-11-2 | C6H7N3S |
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2-(三氟甲基)苯基硫脲 | 2-trifluoromethylphenyl thiourea | 1736-71-6 | C8H7F3N2S |
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2-(2-吡啶基)乙基硫脲 | (2-pyridin-2-yl-ethyl)-thiourea | 180403-26-3 | C8H11N3S |
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2,6-二氯苯基硫脲 | 1-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)thiourea | 6590-91-6 | C7H6Cl2N2S |
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2,5-二甲氧苯基硫脲 | (2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)thiourea | 67617-98-5 | C9H12N2O2S |
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2,5-二氯苯基硫脲 | (2,5-Dichlor-phenyl)-thioharnstoff | 4949-85-3 | C7H6Cl2N2S |
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2,5-二氟苯基硫脲 | 1-(2,5-difluorophenyl)thiourea | 207981-44-0 | C7H6F2N2S |
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2,4-二甲氧基苯基硫脲 | (2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)thiourea | 35696-77-6 | C9H12N2O2S |
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2,4-二甲基苯基硫脲 | (2,4-dimethylphenyl)thiourea | 16738-20-8 | C9H12N2S |
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2,4-二甲基氨基硫脲 | 2,4-dimethylthiosemicarbazide | 6621-75-6 | C3H9N3S |
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2,4-二氯苯(基)硫脲 | 2,4-dichlorophenylthiourea | 6326-14-3 | C7H6Cl2N2S |
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2,4,6-三溴苯基硫脲 | 1-(2,4,6-tribromophenyl)thiourea | 5337-47-3 | C7H5Br3N2S |
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2,3-二甲基苯基硫脲 | 1-(2,3-dimethylphenyl)thiourea | 55752-58-4 | C9H12N2S |
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1-金刚烷硫脲 | (adamantan-1-yl)thiourea | 25444-82-0 | C11H18N2S |
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1-辛基-2-硫脲 | octylthiourea | 13281-03-3 | C9H20N2S |
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1-苯酰基-3-苯基硫脲 | 1-benzoyl-3-phenylthiourea | 4921-82-8 | C14H12N2OS |
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1-苯甲酰-3-(2-吡啶基)-2-硫脲 | N-benzoyl-N'-(2-pyridyl)thiourea | 4921-86-2 | C13H11N3OS |
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1-苯基-3-脒基硫脲 | 1-phenyl-3-guanylthiourea | 15989-47-6 | C8H10N4S |
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1-苯基-3-丙基-2-硫脲 | N-phenyl-N'-propylthiourea | 13140-47-1 | C10H14N2S |
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1-苯基-3-(2-吡啶)-2-硫脲 | 1-(2'-pyridyl)-3-phenylthiourea | 886-60-2 | C12H11N3S |
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1-苄基-2-硫脲 | N-benzoylthiourea | 614-23-3 | C8H8N2OS |
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1-甲基-3-苯基硫脲 | 1-methyl-3-phenylthiourea | 2724-69-8 | C8H10N2S |
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1-甲代烯丙基-3-甲基-2-硫脲 | N-methyl-N'-(2-methylprop-2-en-1-yl)thiourea | 21018-38-2 | C6H12N2S |
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1-环己基-3-苯基-2-硫脲 | N-cyclohexyl-N'-phenylthiourea | 722-03-2 | C13H18N2S |
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1-环己基-2-硫脲 | N-cyclohexylthiourea | 5055-72-1 | C7H14N2S |
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1-庚基-3-苯基-2-硫脲 | <i>N</i>-heptyl-<i>N</i>'-phenyl-thiourea | 79425-04-0 | C14H22N2S |
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1-庚基-2-硫脲 | 1-heptyl-2-thiourea | 3098-03-1 | C8H18N2S |
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1-己基-3-苯基-2-硫脲 | N-phenyl-N'-hexylthiourea | 15153-13-6 | C13H20N2S |
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1-十二烷基-3-苯基-2-硫脲 | N-dodecyl-N'-phenylthiourea | 63980-78-9 | C19H32N2S |
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1-乙基-3-苯基-2-硫脲 | 1-ethyl-3-phenylthiourea | 2741-06-2 | C9H12N2S |
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1-[3,5-双(三氟甲基)苯基]硫脲 | 1-(3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)thiourea | 175277-17-5 | C9H6F6N2S |
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1-[3,5-双(三氟甲基)苯]吡咯 | 4-(3,5-ditrifluoromethylphenyl)-3-thiosemicarbazide | 38901-31-4 | C9H7F6N3S |
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1-[2-(甲硫基)苯基]-2-硫脲 | (2-methylsulfanyl-phenyl)-thiourea | 59084-10-5 | C8H10N2S2 |
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1-(间甲氧基苯基)-2-硫脲 | 3-methoxyphenylthiourea | 37014-08-7 | C8H10N2OS |
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1-(邻硝基苯基)-3-苯基-2-硫脲 | 2-nitrophenyl(phenyl)thiourea | 72602-73-4 | C13H11N3O2S |
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1-(邻乙基苯基)-2-硫脲 | 1-(2-ethylphenyl)thiourea | 22265-77-6 | C9H12N2S |
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1-(对羟基苯基)-2-硫脲 | 1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)thiourea | 1520-27-0 | C7H8N2OS |
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1-(对碘苯基)-2-硫脲 | 1-(4-iodophenyl)thiourea | 18879-80-6 | C7H7IN2S |
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1-(对硝基苯)-3-苯基-2-硫脲 | N-(4-nitrophenyl)-N'-phenylthiourea | 7669-49-0 | C13H11N3O2S |
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1-(对甲氧基苯基)-2-硫脲 | 1-(4-methoxybenzyl)thiourea | 37412-64-9 | C9H12N2OS |
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1-(对异丙基苯基)-2-硫脲 | N-(4-Isopropylphenyl)thiourea | 65259-91-8 | C10H14N2S |
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1-(对乙基苯基)-2-硫脲 | N-(4-ethylphenyl)thiourea | 22265-78-7 | C9H12N2S |
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1-(b-苯乙基)-3-苯基-2-硫脲 | 1-phenylethyl-3-phenylthiourea | 15093-42-2 | C15H16N2S |
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1-(5-溴-2-吡啶基)-2-硫脲 | 1-(5-bromo-pyridin-2-yl)-thiourea | 31430-38-3 | C6H6BrN3S |
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