按不同类型的寄生虫可分为以下几种药物:
抗疟药:主要包括用于控制疟疾症状的氯喹口服片。该药物作用于疟原虫侵入红细胞内期,有效控制症状发作。此外,还有佰氨喹口服片,主要用于防止疟疾复发和传播,特别是间日疟;乙胺嘧啶口服片则用于预防疟疾,并常与佰氨喹联用以防止复发。
抗阿米巴病和滴虫病药:甲硝达唑片(又称灭滴灵片)是一种强效的杀滴虫药物,对肠内及组织内的阿米巴原虫也有杀灭作用。它可用于治疗阴道滴虫病、阿米巴痢疾和阿米巴脓肿,并且对抗厌氧菌感染有良好疗效。
抗黑热病药:葡萄糖锑酸钠针剂可有效杀灭利什曼原虫,静脉或肌内注射后能迅速控制症状。它对黑热病患者有较好的治疗效果。
抗血吸虫病药:酒石酸锑钾针剂在治疗剂量下对血吸虫成虫有直接作用,并能使虫体生殖系统变性,是血吸虫病因治疗的主要药物。吡喹酮片是一种广谱抗寄生虫药,对日本血吸虫病、绦虫病、华支睾吸虫病和肺吸虫病等均有效。
抗丝虫病药:海群生口服片对微丝蚴及成虫均有作用,适用于治疗马来丝虫病和斑氏丝虫病。
抗肠虫药:哌嗪类药物如枸椽酸哌嗪(又称驱蛔灵)具有驱除蛔虫、蛲虫的作用;味唑类药物中的左旋味唑对蛔虫、钩虫有效,还具有免疫增强作用;甲苯味唑(又名肠虫净)对钩虫和蛲虫有较强的治疗效果;丙硫咪唑即肠虫清是一种较新的驱虫药,只需服用1次2片即可达到治疗目的。此外,还有嘧啶类药物如噻嘧啶、甲噻嘧啶,均为广谱驱虫药,适用于口服一次性或多次剂量的治疗。
以上各类抗肠虫药通常不需要额外使用泻药,除了可能引起的便秘情况外。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
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双胺酚醚 | diamphenethide | 36141-82-9 | C20H24N2O5 |
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双羟萘酸噻嘧啶 | pyrantel pamoate | 22204-24-6 | C11H14N2S*C23H16O6 |
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双氢青蒿素 | dihydroartemisinin | 71939-50-9 | C15H24O5 |
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双氢青蒿素 | dihydroartesiminin | 81496-81-3 | C15H24O5 |
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去氢依米丁 | dehydroemetine | 4914-30-1 | C29H38N2O4 |
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卤方特瑞 | halofantrine | 69756-53-2 | C26H30Cl2F3NO |
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卡巴胂 | carbarsone | 121-59-5 | C7H9AsN2O4 |
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化合物DDD107498 | DDD107498 | 1469439-69-7 | C27H31FN4O2 |
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依米丁 | (+-)-Emetin | 483-18-1 | C29H40N2O4 |
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依托法胺 | N-(2-ethoxyethyl)-N-<4-(4-nitrophenoxy) benzyl> dichloroacetamide | 25287-60-9 | C19H20Cl2N2O5 |
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伯氨喹 | Primaquine | 90-34-6 | C15H21N3O |
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伊维菌素 B1a | 5-O-demethyl-22,23-dihydro-avermectin A1a | 71827-03-7 | C48H74O14 |
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二硝托胺 | zoalene | 148-01-6 | C8H7N3O5 |
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二甲硝咪唑 | dimetridazole | 551-92-8 | C5H7N3O2 |
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二氯尼特 | diloxanide | 579-38-4 | C9H9Cl2NO2 |
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二乙酰胺三氮脒 | diminazene aceturate | 908-54-3 | 2C4H7NO3*C14H15N7 |
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乙胺嘧啶 | 2,4-diamino-5-(4-chlorophenyl)-6-ethylpyrimidine | 58-14-0 | C12H13ClN4 |
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乙胺嗪 | diethylcarbamazine | 90-89-1 | C10H21N3O |
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三氮脒 | diminazene | 536-71-0 | C14H15N7 |
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N-羟乙基哌嗪 | 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine | 103-76-4 | C6H14N2O |
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N'-(6-氯-2-甲氧基吖啶-9-基)-N,N-二乙基戊烷-1,4-二胺盐酸盐 | quinacrine dihydrochloride | 69-05-6 | C23H30ClN3O*2ClH |
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9-表-辛可尼丁 | (1S,3R,4S,8S,9S)-9-hydroxy-cinchonane | 550-54-9 | C19H22N2O |
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9-表-辛可宁 | (+)-cinchonine | 485-70-1 | C19H22N2O |
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8-羟基喹啉 | 8-quinolinol | 148-24-3 | C9H7NO |
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8-羟基-7-碘-5-喹啉磺酸 | Sodium chiniofon | 8002-90-2 | C10H7INNaO7S |
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5-氯-2-羟基吡啶 | 5-chloro-2-pyridinol | 4214-79-3 | C5H4ClNO |
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5,7-二碘-8-羟基喹啉 | 5,7-diiodo-8-hydroxyquinoline | 83-73-8 | C9H5I2NO |
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4-硝基-4’-异硫氰基二苯胺 | 4-(4-nitrophenyl)-aminophenylisothiocyanate | 26328-53-0 | C13H9N3O2S |
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4-己基间苯二酚 | 4-Hexylresorcinol | 136-77-6 | C12H18O2 |
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1-环丙基-6,7-二氟-8-羟基-4-氧代-1,4-二氢喹啉-3-甲酸 | 1-cyclopropyl-6,7-difluoro-1,4-dihydro-8-hydroxy-4-oxo-3-quinoline carboxylic acid | 154093-72-8 | C13H9F2NO4 |
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1-溴-2-萘酚 | 1-bromo-2-naphthol | 573-97-7 | C10H7BrO |
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1-BOC-吡咯烷-3-甲酰胺 | 1-tert-<(butyloxy)carbonyl>-3-carbamoylpyrrolidine | 122684-34-8 | C10H18N2O3 |
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1,4-双(三氯甲基)苯 | 1,4-bis(trichloromethyl)benzene | 68-36-0 | C8H4Cl6 |
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(6R,25)-5-O-去甲基-28-脱氧-6,28-环氧-25-(1-甲基乙基)美倍霉素B | milbemycin D | 77855-81-3 | C33H48O7 |
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(3R)-3-氨基吡咯烷-3-羧酸 | (3R)-3-aminopyrrolidin-1-ium-3-carboxylate | 6807-92-7 | C5H10N2O2 |
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—— | sodium salt of lasalocid A | 25999-20-6 | C34H53O8*Na |
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—— | quinine hydrochloride | 130-89-2 | C21H26N2O2*ClH |
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—— | (+)-Cinchonine monohydrochloride | 5949-11-1 | C19H23ClN2O |
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—— | (+)-<i>N</i><sup>4</sup>,<i>N</i><sup>4</sup>-diethyl-<i>N</i><sup>1</sup>-(6-chloro-2-methoxy-acridin-9-yl)-1-methyl-butanediyldiamine; dihydrochloride | 56100-42-6 | C23H30ClN3O*2ClH |
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—— | toosendanin | 58812-37-6 | C30H38O11 |
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—— | Dimethyl-(2-phenoxyethyl)-(phenylmethyl)ammonium 3-hydroxy-2-naphthalenecarboxylic acid | 3818-50-6 | C28H30NO4+ |
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—— | sodium;6-[(3R,4S,5S,7R)-7-[(2S,3S,5S)-5-ethyl-5-[(2R,5R,6S)-5-ethyl-5-hydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]-3-methyloxolan-2-yl]-4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethyl-6-oxononyl]-2-hydroxy-3-methylbenzoic acid | 25999-20-6 | C34H54NaO8+ |
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—— | [(5R)-5-ethenyl-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-2-yl]-quinolin-4-ylmethanol | 118-10-5 | C19H22N2O |
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—— | Triparsamide | 554-72-3 | C8H11AsN2NaO4+ |
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—— | 4-N-[7-chloro-2-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)ethenyl]quinolin-4-yl]-1-N,1-N-diethylpentane-1,4-diamine | 10023-54-8 | C26H31Cl2N3 |
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—— | (4S,5R,9R,10S,12R,13R)-1,5,9-trimethyl-11,14,15,16-tetraoxatetracyclo[10.3.1.04,13.08,13]hexadecan-10-ol | 71939-50-9 | C15H24O5 |
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—— | Dtxcid3025962 | 71939-50-9 | C15H24O5 |
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—— | Toosendanin | 58812-37-6 | C30H38O11 |
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—— | (+)-halofuginone | 7695-84-3 | C16H17BrClN3O3 |
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—— | Sodium; (3R,4S)-4-{(2S,5R,8R,9S)-2-[(2S,3'S)-2-ethyl-5'-((3S,5R,6R)-6-hydroxy-6-hydroxymethyl-3,5-dimethyl-tetrahydro-pyran-2-yl)-3'-methyl-octahydro-[2,2']bifuranyl-5-yl]-9-hydroxy-2,8-dimethyl-1,6-dioxa-spiro[4.5]dec-7-yl}-3-methoxy-2-methyl-pentanoate | 22373-78-0 | C36H61O11*Na |
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