Fuel compositions based on binders from birch bark
申请人:REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA
公开号:US11091715B2
公开(公告)日:2021-08-17
Embodiments of the present disclosure describe binder materials from birch bark, methods of making the binder materials, fuel compositions comprising the binder materials, methods of forming the fuel compositions in the form of pellets and/or briquettes, and the like.
ALIPHATIC POLYESTERS AND COPOLYESTERS DERIVED FROM NATURAL OILS AND THEIR RELATED PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
申请人:Elevance Renewable Sciences, Inc.
公开号:US20150065682A1
公开(公告)日:2015-03-05
The synthesis of certain medium and long chain ω-hydroxy esters and certain ω-hydroxy fatty acids is disclosed. Such ω-hydroxy esters and ω-hydroxy fatty acids are derived from natural oils, and their corresponding polymers were obtained by melt polycondensation. Additionally, the present effort investigates the effects of structural and molecular parameters on the thermal and mechanical properties of ω-hydroxy ester based polymers. Additionally, the present effort investigates the co-polymerization of ω-hydroxy ester based polymers.
OIL FORMING COMPOSITION, METHOD OF PRODUCING CRUDE OIL, AND METHOD OF PRODUCING VOLATILE LIQUID
申请人:HESS James H.
公开号:US20150337209A1
公开(公告)日:2015-11-26
An oil forming composition and a method of producing a synthetic crude oil are provided. The oil forming composition includes a mixture of an organic material selected from the group consisting of a member of the
lactuca
genus, nuts, nut derivatives, vegetable oils, pine tree derivatives, animal protoplasm, and combinations thereof; and a mineral aggregate selected from the group consisting of a silica containing mineral aggregate and a quartz containing mineral aggregate. The method of producing synthetic crude oil includes positioning a first heating enclosure adjacent to a heating surface, providing an oil forming composition within the first heating enclosure, positioning a lid over the oil forming composition, simultaneously applying pressure to the lid and heating the oil forming composition, cooling the oil forming composition to form a pre-volatile oil product, and heating the pre-volatile oil product while exposed to air to form the synthetic volatile fuel.