在甲醇中进行标题反应的动力学研究表明,发生了两个过程:1- E 1- Z异构化和(Z)异构体重排为相关的4-苯甲酰基氨基-2,5-二苯基-1, 2,3-三唑(1 - Z → T)。后者的反应与(Z3-苯甲酰基-1,2,4-恶二唑的)-苯基hydr进行所谓的杂环单核重排(MRH)。所检查的两个反应的发生均取决于路易斯酸催化。获得的结果表明MRH中可能发生“新型”酸催化(路易斯盐双功能催化)。在质子酸存在下,对于5-氨基-3-苯甲酰基-1,2,4-恶二唑的(Z)-苯hydr,质子酸存在时,这种催化作用的机理与最近观察和深入研究的机理完全不同。在二恶烷/水和甲苯中,其催化过程取决于1,2,4-恶二唑的N(4)环氮的质子化。事实上,铜盐似乎能够与> C N相互作用NH C 6 H 5部分,生成加合物,在某些情况下,容易同时异构化和重排。因此,已经证明在某种程度上类似于在脂肪族胺存在下在苯中已经
Binary Mixtures of Ionic Liquids: A Joint Approach to Investigate their Properties and Catalytic Ability
作者:Francesca D'Anna、Salvatore Marullo、Paola Vitale、Renato Noto
DOI:10.1002/cphc.201100878
日期:2012.5.14
interest in the properties and applications of ionicliquids has recently led to research into the possibility of using their binarymixtures. This work reports on the effects of binarymixtures of ionicliquids on the outcome of organic reactions such as the mononuclear rearrangement of heterocycles and the solvatochromic behavior of Nile Red. Binarymixtures formed by ionicliquids differing in the
对离子液体的特性和应用的兴趣日益增长,最近导致人们对使用其二元混合物的可能性进行了研究。这项工作报告了离子液体的二元混合物对有机反应的结果的影响,例如杂环的单核重排和尼罗红的溶剂化行为。考虑由阳离子和阴离子结构不同的离子液体形成的二元混合物。特别是离子液体,例如1-苄基-3-丁基咪唑双(三氟甲磺酰基)酰亚胺,1-(2,3,4,5,6-五氟苄基)-3-丁基咪唑双(三氟甲磺酰基)酰亚胺和1-苄基研究了三丁基咪唑四氟硼酸盐。为了深入了解离子-液体二元混合物的特性,1 H和19 F NMR光谱。本文收集的数据表明,当所研究的系统涉及不同阴离子的混合物时,会发生离子晶格结构的最显着变化,并因此产生作为溶剂介质的最显着效果。
The Effect of the Cation π-Surface Area on the 3D Organization and Catalytic Ability of Imidazolium-Based Ionic Liquids
作者:Francesca D'Anna、Salvatore Marullo、Paola Vitale、Renato Noto
DOI:10.1002/ejoc.201100763
日期:2011.10
The dichotomic nature of ionic liquids (ILs, simple solvents or supramolecular fluids) induced us to carry out a structural investigation of some mono- and dicationic ionic liquids using 1D and 2D NMR, resonance light scattering, and UV/Vis spectroscopy. Ionic liquids with different cation π-surface areas were used, namely [bmim][NTf2], [Bzmim][NTf2], [Bzbim][NTf2], [p-Xyl-(bim)2][NTf2]2, and [m-Xyl-(bim)2][NTf2]2
Mononuclear heterocyclic rearrangements. Part 12. Kinetic study of substituent effects on the rearrangement of the (Z)-phenylhydrazones of some 5-aryl-3-benzoyl-1,2,4-oxidiazoles into 4-aroylamino-2,5-diphenyl-1,2,3-triazoles in dioxane–water at various pS<sup>+</sup>values
The kinetics of the title reaction have been studied in the pS+ range 4.0–12.0, at various temperatures. The logarithmic kinetic constants show excellent linear free energy correlations with σ and σn for the pS+- independent and pS+-dependent ranges, respectively. The susceptibility constants obtained (p+0.85 and +1.75, at pS+ 4.50 and 10.00, respectively) show that a larger negative charge is developed
标题反应的动力学进行了研究,该p小号+范围4.0-12.0,在各种温度下。对数动力学常数显示出与σ和σ优良线性自由能相关Ñ用于p小号+独立和p -小号+分别依赖性范围,。所获得的磁化常数(分别为p +0.85和+1.75,分别为p S + 4.50和10.00)表明,在碱催化的反应途径的过渡态中,比未催化的p S产生更大的负电荷+-独立路线。
Isomerization and rearrangement of (<i>E</i>
)- and (<i>Z</i>
)-phenylhydrazones of 3-benzoyl-5-phenyl-1,2,4-oxadiazole: evidence for a ‘new’ type of acid-catalysis by copper(II) salts in mononuclear rearrangement of heterocycles
the title reaction has evidenced the occurrence of two processes: the 1-E1-Z isomerization and the rearrangement of the (Z)-isomer into the relevant 4-benzoylamino-2,5-diphenyl-1,2,3-triazole (1-Z → T). The latter reaction is in line with the ability of the (Z)-phenylhydrazones of 3-benzoyl-1,2,4-oxadiazoles to undergo the so called mononuclearrearrangement of heterocycles (MRH). The occurrence of
在甲醇中进行标题反应的动力学研究表明,发生了两个过程:1- E 1- Z异构化和(Z)异构体重排为相关的4-苯甲酰基氨基-2,5-二苯基-1, 2,3-三唑(1 - Z → T)。后者的反应与(Z3-苯甲酰基-1,2,4-恶二唑的)-苯基hydr进行所谓的杂环单核重排(MRH)。所检查的两个反应的发生均取决于路易斯酸催化。获得的结果表明MRH中可能发生“新型”酸催化(路易斯盐双功能催化)。在质子酸存在下,对于5-氨基-3-苯甲酰基-1,2,4-恶二唑的(Z)-苯hydr,质子酸存在时,这种催化作用的机理与最近观察和深入研究的机理完全不同。在二恶烷/水和甲苯中,其催化过程取决于1,2,4-恶二唑的N(4)环氮的质子化。事实上,铜盐似乎能够与> C N相互作用NH C 6 H 5部分,生成加合物,在某些情况下,容易同时异构化和重排。因此,已经证明在某种程度上类似于在脂肪族胺存在下在苯中已经
Mononuclear heterocyclic rearrangements. Part 7. Evidence for general base catalysis in the rearrangement of the Z-phenylhydrazone of 3-benzoyl-5-phenyl-1,2,4-oxadiazole into 2,5-diphenyl-4-benzoylamino-1,2,3-triazole in dioxan–water
The title reaction has been studied at various pS+ and buffer concentrations. Kinetic constants for uncatalysed and catalysed pathways have been calculated. A mechanism for the rearrangement is offered.
已经在各种p S +和缓冲液浓度下研究了标题反应。已计算出未催化和催化途径的动力学常数。提供了一种用于重新布置的机制。